西方文化导论

西方文化导论西方文化GreekCulture1.AwarwasfoughtbetweenGreeceandTroy:1200BC2.MarkedthehighpointofdevelopmentinGreekcultureinthe5thB.C:(1) ThesuccessfulrepulseofthePersianinvasionearlyinthe5thcenturyB.C.(2) Theestablishmentofdemocracyand(3) Theflourishingofscience,philosophy,literature,artandhistoricalwritinginAthensRomanculture1. 与 Greek 相同之处：1・TheRomanshadalotincommonwithGreeks(P13)2・Boththe•••・3.4.52. Architecture:Thepantheon,PontduGard,TheColosseum1. PatheonisthebestpreservedRomantemple・2・PontduGardisanexceptionallywell-preservedaqueduct(P16-17)3. Colosseumisanenormousamphitheatre.ThebibleandChristianity1.ChristianityisthemostinfluentialintheWest・2.JudaismandChristianity 的关系(P17)(1)ItwastheJewishtraditionwhichgavebirthtoChristianity(2)BothJudaismandChristianityoriginatedinPalestine3.TheoldTestament:(1) TheoldTestament+theNewTestament=TheBible(P18)(2)TheOldTestamentisaboutGodandtheLawsofGod(3)TheNewTestamentisthedoctrineofJesusChristThemiddleAgesgeneralintroduction1.ThemiddleAges 年份，A.D476T453(P28)2.InA.D.476GermanicgeneralkilledthelastRomanemperorandtookcontrol3.EasternRomanEmpirecontinued,thepowerofancientRomewasgone4.AgreatmanyGermanickingdomsgrowintoEngland,France,Spain,ItalyandGermany.5.In5thand11thcenturies,westernEuropewasfrequentwarsandinvasions・WhyistheMAcalled“AgeofFaith”(p29)1.DuringtheMedievalTimestherewasnocentralgovernmenttokeeporder・TheonlyorganizationwastheChristianchurch2.IntheLateMiddleAges,almosteveryoneinWesternEuropeisChristianandamember…3.Christian 掌权政治法律。。。Itshapedpeople'slivesThecrusades1.ImportanteffectofThecrusades:(P31)(1) AlthoughtheCrusadesdidnotachievetheirgoaltoregaintheHolyland,theyhadanimportanteffect・・・AndtheygreatlyinfluencedthehistoryofEurope(2) •••Helpedtobreakdownfeudalismwhich,inturnledtoriseofthemonarchies・(3) •••Theirdesireforwealthorpowerbegantoovershadowtheirreligiousideals…(4) Resultedinrenewingpeople'sinterestinlearningandinvention・・・.Andtheriseoftownsa...