汉译英 句子的翻译专题 1. 主语的确定 • 主语的三种处理方法： • ① 以原句主语作译文主语 • 直接法 • ② 重新确定主语 • 间接法 • ③ 增补主语 • 添加法 • ① 直接法 • 例句1：我们的房子是一百多年前制造的。 • Our house was built over a hundred years ago. • 例句2：我是地球人。 • I come from the earth. • 例句3：如果不恰当地处理，锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。 • Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities. • 例句4：如果说，词汇是语言的“建筑材料”，那么，句子便是文章的“基本部件”。 • If vocabulary is the “building materials” for language, sentences are the “fundamental parts” of writing. • 例句5：中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。 • China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words. • 例句6：人有失错，马有漏蹄。 • As a horse may tumble, a man may make mistakes. • 非常简单 • 文化差异 • 应用有限 • ② 间接法 • 中英文表达的习惯不同 • 语言地道，句式多样 • 例句7：世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。 • 译法1（直接法）：At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. • 译法2（间接法）：The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. • 例句8：1964 年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹，使世界大为震惊。 • 译法1：In October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world significantly. • 译法2：China’s first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world. • 例句9：胎又瘪了。 • 译法1：We’ve got another flat tire. • 译法2：Our tire is flat again. • 例句10：人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。 • 译法1：It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints. • ...
