第二章 细胞的基本功能 【测试题】 一、名词解释 1. 液态镶嵌模型(fluid mosaic model) 2. 单纯扩散(simple diffusion) 3. 经载体易化扩散(facilitated diffusion via carrier) 4. 原发性主动转运(primary active transport) 5. 继发性主动转运(secondary active transport) 6. 出胞(exocytosis) 7. 入胞(endocytosis) 8. 配体(ligand) 9. 化学门控通道(chemically-gated ion channel) 10. 电压门控通道(voltage-gated ion channel) 11. 机械门控通道(mechanically-gated ion channel) 12. 电紧张电位(electrotonic potential) 13. 静息电位(resting potential) 14. 极化(polarization) 15. 去极化(depolarization) 16. 超极化(hyperpolarization) 17. 复极化(repolarization) 18. 电化学驱动力(electrochemical driving force) 19. 动作电位(action potential) 20. 锋电位(spike potential) 21. 阈值(threshold) 22. 阈电位(threshold potential) 23. 局部电位(local potential) 24. 兴奋性(excitability) 25. 终板电位(endplate potential) 26. 量子式释放(quantal release) 27. 兴奋-收缩耦联(excitation