考点 05 介词和介词短语高考频度:★★★★★【命题解读】介词在英语中比较活跃,然而在高考中直接考察介词的题不是诸多,不过介词却是考生最容易出错误的语法项目之一。【命题预测】估计高考对介词的考察将不再局限于单个介词,将会愈加重视对介词固定搭配中的介词的考察,精细化考察介词短语的辨析。在学习介词时,应重点掌握介词的基本使用方法,同步注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和使用方法。【复习提议】 1. 掌握介词的常见使用方法及易混介词的辨析; 2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的某些固定短语; 3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用状况。介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一种介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 等等。合成介词由两个介词构成合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to 等等。双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 等等。分词介词由目前分词转化而来considering(就……而论), including,regarding,concerning 等。兼类介词由形容词直接转化而来like, unlike, near, next, opposite 等等。考向① 介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成分,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一种成分,表达人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件等之间的关系。介词短语的功能例 句作定语They didn’t find the solution to the problem.作状语We have breakfast at seven.(表时间)They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.(表原因)What do you mean by doing such a thing?(表措施)Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(表条件)作表语When I paid a visit to you yesterday, you were not at home.作宾语补足语I found the old building in a bad condition.考向② 常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一,使用频率相称高,其使用方法跟冠词同样复杂。但根据近年来高考命题的状况来看,考生需要掌握如下内容。1.表达相似或相似概念的介词(短语)的区别表达的概念介词(短语)区 别例 时间inonatat 在一...