单亲家庭幼儿同伴交往状况调查分析 学前教育专业

摘 要幼儿同伴交往是年纪相仿、能力相当或地位平等的幼儿之间的相互作用。良好的同伴交往可以促进单亲幼儿人际交往能力的发展，学会与他人相处。在与同伴互动过程中，可以使幼儿获得愉悦的情绪体验，有利于其社会责任感的培养，可以使单亲幼儿打开心扉，融入集体，促进同伴交往的发展。本论文运用问卷法、文献法、观察法，对彬县三所幼儿园共 31 名单亲幼儿进行调查。调查结果显示单亲家庭幼儿同伴交往存在如下问题：人际交往缺乏主动性和稳定性，幼儿活动参与度不高，幼儿同伴交往能力欠缺。笔者对这些问题从家庭、幼儿园、社会三方面入手寻找原因，并从这三方面提出策略：1.优化家庭环境 2.优化教养方式 3.加强亲子交流 4.建立良好的师幼关系 5.创设良好的交往环境6.注重个体差异，因人制宜 7.树立榜样，及时鼓励 8.完善相关制度，为单亲幼儿的健康发展提供保障。这些策略为幼儿创造良好的社会氛围，共同促进幼儿身心健康发展。关键词：单亲家庭；单亲幼儿；同伴交往AbstractInfant companion interaction is the age of similar, ability or equal status of the interaction between children. Good companions can promote the development of single-parent children's interpersonal skills, learn to get along with others. In the process of interaction with peers, children can get a pleasant emotional experience, is conducive to the cultivation of their social responsibility, can make single parents to open their hearts, into the collective, to promote the development of peer exchanges.In this paper, a total of 31 single parents were investigated by questionnaire, literature and observation. The results show that there are the following problems in the solitary confrontation among single-parent families: lack of initiative and stability in interpersonal communication, lack of participation in children's activities, lack of ability of children's companions. The author of these problems from the family, kindergarten, social three aspects to find the reasons, and from these three aspects of the s...