高中英语 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures学案（含解析）新人教版必修第三册-新人教版高一必修第三册英语学案VIP专享

Unit 1 Festivals and CelebrationsSection Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures动词ing 形式作定语和表语v．ing 形式分为动名词和现在分词两类。动名词兼有动词和名词的特征，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。一、v.ing 作定语1．动名词作定语动名词作定语表示名词的属性或事物的用途，且只能作前置定语。如：No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.在阅览室里任何人不得大声说话。There is a swimming pool in our school.我们学校有一个游泳池。The father is busy in making a walking stick for his son whose leg is broken.那位父亲正在为腿骨折的儿子做拐杖。2．现在分词作定语现在分词可以作前置定语，也可以作后置定语，表示正在进行的动作或某种状态。单个现在分词作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；现在分词短语作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之后。如：He saw a flying bird.他看到一只飞鸟。The glow of the setting sun is splendid ；it is a pity that dusk is fast approaching.夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏。The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.正与老师讲话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。注意：在下列情况中不能用动词的ing 形式作定语，必须使用定语从句：(1)作定语的 v.ing 形式表示的动作与主句谓语的动作不是同时发生，要使用定语从句。例如：The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.(×)The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.(√)昨天来的教授将给我们讲课。(2)动词的ing 形式的完成式一般只用来作状语，不作定语。例如：The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.(×)The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.(√)被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。二、v.ing 作表语1．动名词作表语作表语的动名词所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，且主语和表语可以换位。如：What I am tired of is waiting here alone.我厌烦独自在这里等。My job is teaching you English.我的工作是教你们英语。2．现在分词作表语作表语的现在分词是...