Part Ⅲ Grammar & WritingGrammar——名词性从句(Ⅰ):宾语从句和表语从句一、概念在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。二、基本用法(一)宾语从句1.定义:在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句,叫作宾语从句。它可以充当句中谓语动词、介词或形容词的宾语,有时也作非谓语动词的宾语。2.连接词的用法(1)that 引导的宾语从句I am afraid (that) I've made a mistake.恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that you were asked not to care about it.他说你太年轻,还无法理解这件事情,你也不要去管它。(2)whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句whether 或 if 引导宾语从句时,在句中不充当成分,但是含“是否”之意,从句要用陈述语序。I don't know if/whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年以后他是否还住在这儿。[关键点拨] 只用 whether 不用 if 引导的宾语从句在宾语从句中,引导词 whether 和 if 基本一样,但下面两种情况只能使用 whether:(1)引导介词后的宾语从句时。1(2)和 or not 一起连用时。It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天。I don't know whether or not he will come.我不知道他是否会来。(3)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句The policeman asked me how the accident had happened.警察问我事故是怎么发生的。(how 作状语)I wonder where she has gone.我想知道她去了哪里。(where 作状语)She gave up what she was doing.她放弃了她正在做的事情。(what 作宾语)Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏吗?(who 作主语)Can I speak to whoever is in charge of this project?我能和负责这个项目的人谈谈吗?(whoever 作主语)[关键点拨] “疑问词ever”结构的词可以引导名词性从句和让步状语从句,而“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句。3.注意事项(1)it 作形式宾语当某些动词后的宾语从句之后有宾语补足语(通常是形容词或名词)时,通常以 it 代替that 宾语从句作形式宾语,这时 that 不可省略。常见的这类动词有 find, think, consider, take, feel, believe, make 等。...