2025届小学英语语法讲与练036被动语态（附答案）

第六讲：被动语态一、【考点解读】动词的被动语态是中学英语语法的一个重要内容，因此在小升初英语考试中作为衔接内容而出现，对于准初中生而言是难点和易错点。因此希望小升初的学生能认真结合解读，仔细把握被动语态的学习要领，结合小升初的最新模拟真题，做到融会贯通，举一反三。二、【知识讲解】知识点 1——被动语态英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。一、被动语态的构成 英语动词的被动语态由助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词 be 必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，并有时态的变化。例如：The man was fooled by the two boys. The book has been translated into several languages.二、被动语态的用法（1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如： Street lights are often turned on at six in winter. The new test book will be used next term.（2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop. The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。例如：The pianist gave the pupils(间接宾语)some advice(直接宾语) →The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. →Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词 make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加 to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上 to。例如：The boss made them work ten hours a day. →They were made to work ten hours a day. A boy saw him enter the house. →He was seen to enter the house.三、被动语态中谓语动词的原形是 be +done be 随着时态的变化而发生变化。以下是主动语态和被动语态中谓语动词的形式：名称主动语态谓语动词形式被动语态谓语动词形式一般现在时态v/vsAm/is/are +done 一般过去时态VedWas/were+done 一般将来时态Will +vWill b...