第十四讲:非谓语一、【考点解读】非谓语动词在英语语法体系中是非常难的语法点,在小升初英语的考试中,非谓语动词的部分语法项目在考察范围之内,主要考查四个板块,如:(1)只能加动词不定式的动词搭配例如:want+to do;(2)只能加动词 ing 的动词搭配例如:enjoy +doing;(3)既能加do 又能加 Ving 的动词搭配例如:like +to do/doing(4)只能加动词原形 do 的动词等。以下我们会详细解读这些知识点,帮助学生一步步解开其谜团。二、【知识讲解】知识点 1——什么是非谓语动词?用来做什么?1.特点非谓语动词表现形式是动词,但不可做谓语,所以被称作非谓语动词。主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。没有人称和数的变化,但可以有自己的宾语和状语。2. 非谓语在句中的成分(见下表)一、不定式句子成分说明熟记例句主语1、直接作主语2、it 先做形式主语(常考)句型:① It’s + adj. +for sb. + to do sth.(形容词多修饰事情)② It’s + adj. +of sb. + to do sth.(形容词多修饰人)It’s difficult for me to work out the problems.It’s kind of you to help me carry heavy boxes.表语多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换作主语。1.one’s ambition(wish / hope / duty /responsibility / job……)+ be + to do sth.His job at the moment is to look after the homeless people.1.动词后只能用不定式作宾语:would like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect.He prefers to eat white bread and rice.I find it difficult to remember everything. 宾语作动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语2.在 find,think 后往往先用 it 作形式宾语。3.跟不带 to 的不定式的动词有:why not do...,why don’t you do... had better (not) do...,would rather do,could/would/will/ you please (not) do...--Why not take a holiday?--It takes me an hour to walk there. 宾语补足语不定式作宾补与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。1、tell,ask,want,allow,would like sb. to do sth.2、省略 to 的不定式:“一感(feel)二听( hear, listen to)、三让(have, let, make)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice),但是变被动时必须加上 to。She asked me not to speak Chinese in English class.This picture...