单 片 机 的 瓦 斯 报 警 系 统 的 设 计摘 要 本文设计的用单片微机控制的瓦斯浓度监控报警系统,是采纳热催化原理( 俗称黑白元件) 探头制成的甲烷浓度测量仪,适用于煤矿井下各作业场所中测量空气中的瓦斯浓度。仪器能够根据瓦斯浓度报警限(1.00%) 进行声、光报警,并启动排风设备,同时具有通信功能。 系统由AT89C51 单片机、敏感元件、看门狗监控电路、小信号放大电路、A/D 转换电路、通信电路、显示电路、报警电路等组成。其中CPU 是监控仪的核心,完成数据采集、处理、输出、显示等功能; 敏感元件是准确检测瓦斯气体含量的主要元件之一,其输出是与瓦斯浓度相对应的电压信号; 小信号放大电路则是用来放大敏感元件输出的电压信号;A/D转换电路把放大了的电压信号由模拟信号变为数字信号送入单片机; 显示电路则显示实时瓦斯浓度; 报警电路对超限瓦斯浓度进行报警。 该系统的特点是测量范围宽,精度高; 结构简单,成本低; 可靠性和稳定性好,是一种电路设计新颖、参数测量准确、操作方便的矿用瓦斯浓度监控报警系统。关键词: AT89C51 ,A/D 转换电路,敏感元件AbstractThe concentration of methane monitor controlled by chip microprocessors15 able to sound the alarm bell based on the limit of methane concentration,and start device to drain the gas at the same time. The instrument include CPU, sensitive element , Canmengou monitoring circuit ,little signal amplify circuit ,A/D transform circuit ,communication circuit, display circuit, monitoring circuit, CPU is the core in the instrument, complete data gather, Process , export , display and so on. Sensitive element is one of the important to measure the concentration of methane ,and it’s export is a little voltage signal ,little signal amplify circuit is to transform the analogue signal to digital signal ,display circuit is to display the concentration of methane , monitoring circuit is to monitor the overstep limit of methane concentration· The feature is new design,accurately measure parameter ,convenient to...