Module1EuropeSpeaking---教案■Goals●Tolearnabouttagquestions●Torole-playaconversation■ProceduresStep1:LearningaboutTagQuestionsAtagquestionisaspecialconstructioninEnglish.Itisastatementfollowedbyamini-question.Thewholesentenceisa"tagquestion",andthemini-questionattheendiscalleda"questiontag".Weusetagquestionsattheendofstatementstoaskforconfirmation.Theymeansomethinglike:"AmIright?"or"Doyouagree?"TheyareverycommoninEnglish.Thebasicstructureis:+Positivestatement,-negativetag?-Negativestatement,+positivetag?Lookattheseexampleswithpositivestatements:positivestatement[+]negativetag[-]notes:用心爱心专心subjectauxiliarymainverbauxiliarynotpersonalpronoun(sameassubject)Youarecoming,aren'tyou?Wehavefinished,haven'twe?Youdolikecoffee,don'tyou?Youlikecoffee,don'tyou?You(do)like...Theywillhelp,won'tthey?won't=willnotIcancome,can'tI?Wemustgo,mustn'twe?Heshouldtryharder,shouldn'the?YouareEnglish,aren'tyou?no用心爱心专心auxiliaryformainverbbepresent&pastJohnwasthere,wasn'the?Lookattheseexampleswithnegativestatements:negativestatement[-]positivetag[+]subjectauxiliarymainverbauxiliarypersonalpronoun(sameassubject)Itisn'training,isit?Wehaveneverseenthat,havewe?Youdon'tlikecoffee,doyou?Theywillnothelp,willthey?Theywon'treportus,willthey?Icanneverdoitright,canI?Wemustn'ttellher,mustwe?用心爱心专心Heshouldn'tdrivesofast,shouldhe?Youaren'tEnglish,areyou?Johnwasnotthere,washe?Somespecialcases:Iamright,aren'tI?aren'tI(notamn'tI)Youhavetogo,don'tyou?you(do)havetogo...Ihavebeenanswering,haven'tI?usefirstauxiliaryNothingcameinthepost,didit?treatstatementswithnothing,nobodyetclikenegativestatementsLet'sgo,shallwe?let's=letusHe'dbetterdoit,hadn'the?hehadbetter(noauxiliary)Herearesomemixedexamples:Butyoudon'treallyloveher,doyou?Thiswillwork,won'tit?Well,Icouldn'thelpit,couldI?Butyou'lltellmeifshecalls,won'tyou?We'dneverhaveknown,wouldwe?Theweather'sbad,isn'tit?用心爱心专心Youwon'tbelate,willyou?Nobodyknows,dothey?Noticethatweoftenusetagquestionstoaskforinformationorhelp,startingwithanegativestatement.Thisisquiteafriendly/politewayofmakingarequest.Forexample,insteadofsaying"Whereisthepolicestation?"(notverypolite),or"Doyouknowwherethepolicestationis?"(slightlymorepolite),wecouldsay:"Youwouldn'tknowwherethepolicestationis,wouldyou?"Herearesomemoreexamples:Youdon'tknowofanygoodjobs,doyou?Youcouldn'thelpmewithmyhomework,couldyou?Youhaven'tgot$10tolendme,haveyou?IntonationWecanchangethemeaningofatagquestionwiththemusicalpitchofourvoice.Withrisingintonation,itsoundslikearealquestion.Butifourintonationfalls,itsoundsmorelikeastatementthatdoesn'trequirearealanswer:intonationYoudon'tknowwheremywalletis,doyou?/risingrealquestionIt'sabeatifulview,isn'tit?\fallingnotarealquestionAnswerstotagquestionsHowdoweansweratagquestion?Often,wejustsayYesorNo.Sometimeswemayrepeatthetagandreverseit(...,dothey?Yes,theydo).Beverycarefulabout用心爱心专心answeringtagquestions.Insomelanguages,anoppositesystemofansweringisused,andnon-nativeEnglishspeakerssometimesanswerinthewrongway.Thiscanleadtoalotofconfusion!Forexample,everyoneknowsthatsnowiswhite.Lookatthesequestions,andthecorrectanswers:tagquestioncorrectanswerSnowiswhite,isn'tit?Yes(itis).theansweristhesameinbothcases-becausesnowISWHITE!butnoticethechangeofstresswhentheanswererdoesnotagreewiththequestionerSnowisn'twhite,isit?Yesitis!Snowisblack,isn'tit?Noitisn't!theanswer...
