高一英语必修1 Grammar Direct speech and Indirect speech statements and questions 教案VIP免费

一、教学内容：必修1Grammar:DirectspeechandIndirectspeech:statementsandquestions（一）陈述句直接引语变间接引语（二）疑问句直接引语变间接引语二、知识精讲：引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语(Directspeech);一是用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语(Indirectspeech).这两种引语都是宾语从句。观察下面的句子，注意直接引语变为间接引语后，发生了哪些变化。1)Shesaidtome,“Ican’tfinishtheworktoday.”Shetoldme(that)shecouldn’tfinishtheworkthatday.2)Shesaidtome,“Haveyoureadthisbook?”Sheaskedmewhether/ifIhadreadthatbook.3)Shesaidtoherfather,“Howwillyoucomeheretomorrow?”Sheaskedherfatherhowhewouldgotherethenextday.4)Shesaid,“Helefttwentyminutesago.”Shesaid(that)hehadlefttwentyminutesbefore.5)Shesaid,“Whatareyoudoingnow?”Sheasked(me)whatIwasdoingthen.小结归纳通过以上例句我们可以发现，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等都需要进行相应的变化。我们来归纳一下以上例句中所发生的变化：（一）陈述句直接引语变间接引语直接引语如果是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，用连接词that引导（口语中可以省略），句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要作相应改变。1.人称的变化。由第一、二人称变为第三人称。e.g.Shesaid,“YourPronunciationisbetterthanmine”.Shesaidthatmypronunciationwasbetterthanhers.I—he/sheme/you—him/hermy—his/herwe—theyus—themour—theirmine—his/hermyself—himself/herselfours—theirsourselves—themselves2.时态的变化。如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态上一般都要相应地“退后一步”，即：一般现在时变为一般过去时。用心爱心专心时态变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时—一般过去时Hesaid,“Iwalktoschool.”Hesaidthathewalkedtoschool.现在进行时—过去进行时Hesaid,“Iamwalkingtoschool.”Hesaidthathewaswalkingtoschool.现在完成时—过去完成时Hesaid,“Ihavewalkedtoschool.”Hesaidthathehadwalkedtoschool.一般过去时—过去完成时Hesaid,“Iwalkedtoschool.”Hesaidthathehadwalkedtoschool.过去完成时不变Hesaid,“Ihadwalkedtoschool.”Hesaidthathehadwalkedtoschool.一般将来时—过去将来时Hesaid,“Iwillwalktoschool.”Hesaidthathewouldwalktoschool.3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化e.g.Shesaid,“Iwillcomehereagaintonight.”Shesaidthatshewouldgothereagainthatnight.在直接引语中在间接引语中指示代词This(place)These(places)That(place)Those(places)地点副词herethere动词comebringgotake时间状语NowToday,tonightThisweek(month,etc.)YesterdayLastweek(month)TwodaysagoTomorrowNextweek…ThenThatday,thatnightThatweek(month,etc.)Thedaybefore,thepreviousdayTheweek(month)beforeTwodaysbeforeThenext/followingdayThenext/followingweek…由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:（1）不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.（2）经常的习惯：Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”用心爱心专心→Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.（3）历史事件：Theteachersaid,“WorldWarⅡendedin1945.”→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarⅡendedin1945.（4）部分情态动词,如must,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：Shesaidtome:“Youmusthurryup.”→ShesaidthatImusthurryup.（二）疑问句直接引语变间接引语1、直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语且谓语动词是say或said时，要改为ask，asked原问句变成由连词if或whether引导的宾语从句。e.g.:Theboysaid,“MayIgowithyou?”→Theboyaskedmeifhemightgowithme.Tomaskedme,“Haveyouseenthatmoviebefore?”→Tomaskedme...