Module3InterpersonalRelationships--Friendship动词ing形式(Ⅱ)和动词不定式作宾语语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.Havinglostallmyoldfriends,Ifeltshyandlonelyatmynewschool.2.Havingleftsomethinginthecloakroom,Iwentinsidetogetit.3.Thisweekend,havingthoughtaboutthesituationforawhile,IdecidedtoaskRoyaboutthetheft.4.I'llneverforgetmeetingher.Shewassokindtome.5.Iwon'tforgettomeetherafterschool.6.Remembertokeepintouchwhenyougoaway.7.Doyouremembergoingtoschoolforthefirsttime?1.前三个例句中动词ing形式的完成式在句中作状语,后四个例句中动词ing形式与动词不定式均作宾语。2.动词ing形式的完成式作状语时,其表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,其逻辑主语是句子的主语。3.句4和句7中作宾语的动词ing形式的动作已经发生,句5和句6中作宾语的动词不定式的动作尚未发生。一、动词ing形式的完成式作状语动词ing形式的完成式的构成为havingdone;否定式为nothavingdone;被动式为havingbeendone。动词ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词表示的动作之前,常在句中作时间、原因、让步状语等,可转换成相应的状语从句。Havingwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.=Afterhehadwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.写完信后,他去寄走它。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination.=Becausehehadn'tstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination.因为没有努力学习,所以他考试不及格。Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.=Althoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.已经被告知多次,他仍犯同样的错误。[名师点津]动词ing形式的一般式和完成式作状语的区别(1)动词ing形式的一般式作状语时所表示的动作与主句谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生,常表示时间、条件、原因或结果等。(2)动词ing形式的完成式作状语时所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,常表示时间或原因。Seeingthosepictures,hecouldn'thelpthinkingofthosedaysinYan'an.当他看到那些图片时,就禁不住想起了在延安的那些日子。Havinggotourtickets,wedrovetotheairporttoboardtheplane.买到机票之后,我们就开车到机场登机。[即时训练1]用动词ing形式完成句子①Havingleftthewalletinmyoffice(把钱包忘在办公室了),Ihadnomoneytopayfortheticket.②Nothavingcompletedtheproject(还没完成这个项目),theywon'tstoptohavearest.③Walkingalongthestreet(在街上散步时),hecameacrossanoldfriend.二、动词ing形式与动词不定式作宾语1.下列动词(短语)跟动词ing形式作宾语,请牢记下面的口诀:建议考虑坚持练,(suggest,advise,consider,insiston,practise)允许想象弃冒险,(permit,allow,imagine,giveup,risk)阻止抵抗否逃脱,(prevent,resist,deny,escape)不禁介意保持完,(can'thelp,mind,keep,finish)耽误推迟求原谅,(delay,putoff,require,forgive,excuse)承认错过欣喜欢。(admit,miss,appreciate,enjoy)Isuggestgoingouttohavearestafterstudyingforonehour.我建议在学习一小时之后出去休息一下。Hegotwellpreparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisklosingthegoodopportunity.他为这次工作面试做了充分准备,因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。[名师点津]advise,allow,forbid,permit等动词后可直接跟动词ing形式作宾语,也可跟不定式作补语。Wedon'talloweatingintheclassroom.我们不允许在教室里吃饭。Youcan'tallowfeartoimpacthowyouoperate.你不能让恐惧影响你的行为方式。2.下列动词跟动词不定式作宾语,请牢记下面的口诀:同意提出作计划,(agree,offer,intend,plan)要求答应来帮忙。(demand,promise,help)准备决定遭拒绝,(prepare,decide,refuse)敢于选择有希望。(choose,wish,hope,want,expect)不能做到莫假装,(fail,pretend)设法做成决心强。(manage,determine)恳求安排又威胁,(beg,arrange,threaten)声称目标不犹豫。(claim,aim,hesitate)Weagreedtomeetherebutsof...