SectionⅢGrammar—复习定语和定语从句语法图解探究发现①Ithoughtthisvastwaveoffoodwasthetotalnumberofdishestobeserved.②Everyoneelsejusttastedabitofeachdishandthenputtheirchopsticksdown,continuingtochat.③IstillrememberwhatIate:atunafishandcheesesandwich.④Doyouknowthegirlsingingoverthere?⑤Heisalwaysthefirstpersontoleavetheoffice.⑥OneeveninghewasentertainingtherulerofasmallislandinthePacific.⑦However,thereareotherkindsoffoodsthathavetakenlongerformetoaccept.⑧ButonethingIdoadmireisthepolitemannerinwhichBritishpeopleeat,evenifitisjustapotato.⑨Asweallknow,VladimirPutinwaselectedPresidentofRussiaafourthtime.⑩Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.[我的发现](1)①~⑥句中,黑体部分在句中均作定语,且①③句中作前置定语,②④⑤⑥作后置定语。(2)由②句可知,形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词后面。(3)⑦~⑩句中,黑体部分均为定语从句。(4)⑨⑩句中,黑体部分为非限制性定语从句。一、定语1.概念修饰名词或者代词的词、短语或者从句称为定语。形容词、名词、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语以及从句等都可用来作定语。Abrightfutureshinesbeforemyeyes.光明的未来展现在我的面前。(形容词作定语)HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.他在英语方面的快速进步使我们很吃惊。(代词作定语)Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.我们的班长总是第一个进教室。(动词不定式作定语)Hewalkswiththehelpofawalkingstick.他在手杖的帮助下行走。(动名词作定语)Thereisnothingthatworrieshim.没有什么事使他烦恼。(从句作定语)2.位置定语的位置有两种:一种是前置定语,位于中心词之前,此时定语多为单个的词或复合词;另一种是后置定语,位于中心词之后,此时定语多为词组或从句。Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.中国是一个发展中国家,美国是一个发达国家。(单个词作前置定语)Whoisthemanshakinghandswithourteacher?和我们老师握手的那个人是谁?(分词短语作后置定语)[名师点津]something,anything,nothing等复合不定代词的修饰词,即使是单个词,也要后置。Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.我的手表出毛病了。3.多个词作定语时的顺序当多个词修饰同一个名词时,这些词的顺序为:限定词+性质(描绘/观点)+大小、长短、高低(矮)+形状+年龄、新旧+颜色+国籍、地区、出处+物质、材料+用途、类别+名词。acharmingsmallroundoldbrownChinesewoodentable一个迷人的、小而圆的、老式的、棕色中式木质桌子[巧学助记]限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老;颜色国籍跟材料,用途类别往后靠。4.名词作定语名词作定语时,往往是说明中心名词的材料、功能、目的、时间、地点、种类等。astonebridge石桥amotorcar摩托车peaceconference和平大会wintervacation寒假seafight海战sciencefiction科幻小说[即时演练1]画出下列句子中的定语①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)TheexhibitionwillbeheldintheCityMuseum,located_in_the_north_of_our_city.②Itisreportedthatthefloodshaveleftabouttwo_thousandpeoplehomeless.③Theflowerssmelling_sweet_in_the_parkattractthepassersbytothebeautyofnature.④Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefrom_fresh_fruit_grown_on_his_own_farm.⑤Weareinvitedtoapartyto_be_heldinourclubnextFriday.⑥Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthat_are_built_close_to_each_other.⑦Lookatthebrokenglasses.⑧Theyareplayinganimportant_footballmatchagainstLiverpoolonSunday.⑨Yourhairneedscutting.⑩Thetworoomsupstairsaremy_sister'sbedroom.二、定语从句(一)定语从句中关系词的选择准确地判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分是确定关系词的关键所在,再结合先行词自身的属性便可做到万无一失。1.关系词引导的定语从句关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语、宾语Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyou...