Module3InterpersonalRelationships—FriendshipIflifeiswar,thenourfriendsareourbestallies(盟友).They'retheoneswecallupwhenthere'sabattleaheadandwe'regoingtoneedsomehelp.They'retheoneswhocomeinwhenwe'reweak.They'retheoneswhoarealwaysthere,supportingus,throughoutlossesandgains.AccordingtoresearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvania,wechooseourfriendsbasedonthisunconsciousnotion(信念)thattheywillsupportusintimesofneed.Theresearchleaders,PeterDeScioliandRobertKurzban,said,“Therelationshipsbetweenfriendsaresimilartothoseofalliesbetweennations.”Likenationsthatunitetogether,we'refriendsbecausewetrusteachother.Weneedeachother,forresourcesandsupport.It'sasupportsystemthat'snecessarytoourcountry.Becauseifyouthinkaboutit,everygreatpowerwouldbenothingwithoutitsallies,andourstrengthisdependentonthestrengthofourfriendships.Wetakecareofourfriendshipsthesamewaywetakecareofourallies.Wesupportthem,gotothemintimesofneedandrelyontheminourownmomentsofweakness.They'llbethefirstonestherewhenwe'vebeenattackedandthelastonestoleaveinrecovery.Wechoosepeoplebasedonthenotionthattheywillprovideaidandcarewhenweneedthesethingsmost.Theyareasupportsystemweneedtocreateforthetoughbattles.Friendshipsarebuiltwithoutanynecessaryexpectationthattheywillreceiveanythinginreturnanytimesoon,butknowingthatsupportistherewhentheyneeditmakesallthedifference.Weneedtimetofindoutwhetherourfriendsareourbestallies.AccordingtoKurzban,“Weliveinaworldwhereconflictcanariseandalliesmustbeinpositionbeforehand.”Inlife,weallmayfightafewbattlesandwefeelstrongerknowingsomeonehasourback.Section_ⅠIntroduction_&_Reading_—_PrereadingRoy'sStoryIrememberthefirsttimeImetRoy①.Hewasstandinginthecentreofagroupofboys,andhewastellingajoke②.Whenhereachedthefinalline,everyoneburstout③laughing.Roylaughedtoo,aloudhappylaugh.“Popularboy，”Ithoughttomyself④.MynameisDaniel.Iwasthenewboyintheclass.OurfamilywasfromthenorthofEngland,butmyfatherhadbeenofferedabetterjobinLondon,andourwholefamilyhadmovedthere.Iwastwelveand,havinglostallmyoldfriends⑤，Ifeltshyandlonelyatmynewschool.Therewere33studentsinmynewclass,andmostpeopleweren'tveryinterestedinashynewboy.Roywasoneofthefewpeoplewhowerekindtome⑥.Heofteninvited⑦metojoinhisparticulargroup,andasaresult⑧，Istartedgettingtoknow⑨people.RoyandIbecamegoodfriends.Wetrusted⑩eachotherandwecouldtalkaboutpersonalmatters⑪，thingsthatwereimportanttous⑫.①thefirsttime作先行词，其后定语从句的引导词实际上是that，此时that是关系副词，可以省略。②tellajoke/jokes讲笑话makeajokeofsth.拿某事开玩笑③burstout突然发生，突然……起来burstinto＋n.＝burstout＋doing④thinktooneself心里想⑤现在分词的完成式作原因状语，表示lost这一动作发生在felt这一动作之前。⑥who引导定语从句，修饰先行词thefewpeople。“oneof＋复数名词”作先行词，其后定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；“theonlyoneof＋复数名词”作先行词，其后定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。⑦invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事⑧asaresult结果(＝asaconsequence)⑨get(come/turn)toknow开始认识，逐渐认识⑩trust/trst/ʌv.信赖，信任⑪personalmatters个人问题⑫things作personalmatters的同位语，被that定语从句修饰。罗伊的故事[第1～2段译文]我还记得第一次见到罗伊的情景。他站在一群男孩的中间，正说着笑话。他说到最后一句的时候，大家都哄堂大笑起来。罗伊也笑了，是那种开心的大笑。我当时心里想：“他是个受欢迎的男孩。”我叫丹尼尔，是班里的新学生。因为父亲在伦敦找了份更好的工作，我们全家就从英格兰北部搬到了那里...
