句子成分的构成句子成分的构成句子的主干成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语句子的次要成分：定语、状语、补语、插入语、同位语主语1.主语是谓语讲述的对象。2.表示所说的“是什麽”，“是谁”，3.一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。4.它在句首。WestudyinNo.7MiddleSchool.Theclassroomisveryclean.ToteachthemEnglishismyjob.Surfing,divingandswimmingareallwatersports.谓语1.说明主语“做什麽”，“是什麽”，或“怎麽样”。2.必须用动词。3.和主语在人称，数两个方面必须一致（主谓一致）。4.在主语后面。Hisparentsaredoctors.Shelookswell.Westudyhard.Wehavefinishedreadingthebook.HecanspeakEnglish.表语1.说明主语“怎麽样”，或“是什麽”。2.位于在在bebe动词动词,,系动词后面。Youlookyoungerthanbefore.Iamateacher.Everybodyishere.MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.Theyareathomenow.系动词（必背）be(amisarewaswere)/seem/keep/…是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound/…看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)感官动词become/turn/get/grow/…变得宾语1.是动作，行为的对象。2.由名，代，或相当于名词的词，短语来担任。3.它和及物动词一起说明主语做什麽。4.在谓语((及物动词后，及物动词后，))之后。分为直接宾语和间接宾语。Sheisplayingthepiano.Heoftenhelpsme.Helikestosleepintheopenair.WeenjoylivinginChina.及物动词和不及物动词及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词:see/hear/drank/eat/…Isawhimlastweek.Weheardthebadnewsyesterday.Theyeatbreadeveryday.Hedrankaglassofmilkjustnow.不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词:laugh/smile/look/listen/…Shesmiledhappily.Theylaughedloudly.如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助:Shelookattheblackboardcarefully.Helistenedtohisteacherinclass.Theylaughedatusafterthematch.定语用来修饰名词或代词。定语起类似于形定语起类似于形容词的修饰作用，容词的修饰作用，Theblackbikeismine.Whatisyourname?Theymadepaperflowers.TheboysintheroomareinClassThree,GradeTwo.Ihavesomethingtodo.状语1.修饰动词，形容词或副词,状语类似于状语类似于副词副词。2.一般表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度等意义。3.一般放句末，有的也可放在句首，句中。Hediditcarefully.Withouthishelp,wecouldn’tworkitout.Inordertocatchupwithmyclassmates,Imuststudyhard.简单句的五种句型简单句的五种句型1）SV主语＋谓语1）SV主语＋谓语eg.Thetelephonerang.Hisfathermighthavedied.2)SVP主语＋谓语＋表语2)SVP主语＋谓语＋表语eg.Theplansoundsperfect.Frankisanartist.3)SVO主语＋谓语＋宾语3)SVO主语＋谓语＋宾语eg.Isawabird.Mysisterenjoyedtheplay.简单句的五种句型简单句的五种句型4）SVOiOd主语＋谓语+间接宾语＋直接宾语4）SVOiOd主语＋谓语+间接宾语＋直接宾语eg.TheladygaveJackawatch.Myfatherboughtmeabicycle.5)SVOC主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语5)SVOC主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语eg.Theycalledhimafool.Shefoundthechildrenfastasleep.*在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到谓语!*做谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还有及物动词与不及物动词的区别。基本句型1Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。ＳＶ（不及物动词）1.Time2.Themoon3.Theman4.Weall5.Everbody6.I7.They8.Heflies.rose.cook.eat,anddrink.laughed?woke.talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterday基本句型2Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思这类动词叫做连系动词。ＳＶ（系动词）Ｐ1.This2.Thedinner3.He4.Everything5.He6.Thebook7.Theweather8.Hisfaceissmells(闻)felllooksisisbecometurnedanEnglish-Chin...
