宾语从句一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句在句中作主句的宾语。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句二、宾语从句三要素：连接词时态语序（一）连接词1、由that引导（从句的原句是陈述句）。如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that，that在句中无词义,在从句中不能充当成分,在口语当中往往省略。Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.Brownlivesinthathouse?选择疑问句或反意疑问句如果宾语从句是一般疑问句，其引导词用if/whether,是“是否”之意，不能省略。与ornot连用时只能用whether，不能用if。Iwanttoknowif(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus.Idon’tknowwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.•3.、由疑问代词what,whom,whose,which,what及疑问副词when,where,how,why引导(原句为特殊疑问句)•如果宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转换而来的，其引导词则用原来的疑问词，它在句子中充当成分，意思不变。•Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.•Doyouknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor?.注意：在由疑问词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation？→Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation？（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）1、陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.2、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.Whendidheleave？Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.（三）、宾语从句的时态1、主句是一般现在时或将来时，从句时态则根据实际情况来定。Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate？注意：在由could,would引导的主句中,从句一般要用现在时。因为could,would经常表示礼貌或婉转的语气,而不是过去时。Couldyoupleasetellmewherethebankis?Wouldyoupleasetellmehowfaritisfromheretothehospital?2.如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用相应的过去某种时态。如：Hesaid（that）therewerenoclassesyesterday.Jacktoldme(that)heoftenwentsightseeingonholiday.Hedidn’tsaywhatFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking.3.如果宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或真理、自然现象、名言时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.三、宾语从句注意事项(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?(二)只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在介词后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wedidn’tthinkaboutwhetheritwouldrainthenextday.2.在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中:Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether：Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.Thequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight.（三）、否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。Idon’tthinkheisgoingshopping.四、人称的变化和标点的使用1、人称的变化口诀：“一主。二宾，三不变”。“一主”是指从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；“二宾”...
