初三英语语法专题复习（一）---十大词类十大词类意义例词1名词(n.)表示人或事物的名称people,fruit,tennis2代词(pron.)代替名词，及名词短语或句子I,we,you,he,she,they,this3冠词(art.)位于名词前，说明名词a,an,the4动词(V.)动作或状态be,do,have,like5形容词(adj.)主要用来修饰名词happy,beautiful,busy6副词(adv.)主要用来修饰动词even,always,only,too7介词(prep.)表示名词与其它词间关系in,on,under,by,at8连词(conj.)连接词与词；短语与短语；句与句and,or,but,because9数词(num.)表示数量或顺序six,one,first10感叹词(interj.)表示说话情感hello,well,oh考点直击一、名词（nouns）：1、分专有名词和普通名词。专有名词指人名、地名等。首字母大写，如：China；English；Tom等。2、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。(1)可数名词有_________和_________两种形式。名词的复数部分变化规则如下：①可数名词规则变化：（过关！！！）类别构成方法例词一般情况加—sbook--books以s,x,ch,sh结尾名词加—esclass—classes；box—boxes;watch—watches；dish--dishes辅音字母+y结尾的名词y改i再加—esfamily—families;party--partiesO结尾的名词加—sradio(s);piano(s);zoo(s);photo(s);zero(s)等加—eshero--heroes；tomato(es);potato(es)以f/fe结尾的名词加—sroof---roofs改f/fe为v再加—esthief--thieves;wife--wives;leaf--leaves;knife—knives;wolf—wolves;life--lives②可数名词不规则变化：（背诵！！！）man_______;woman__________;foot__________;tooth___________;child____________mouse____________;sheep____________;Chinese___________;Japanese__________；Englishman__________;Frenchwoman________America___________;German__________(中日不变，英法变，其余s加后面)(2)不可数名词：不可数名词的计量形式：数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：abottleofwater-----twobottlesofwater3.集体名词：指整体时，视为单数;指整体中的个体时，视为复数。例：family(家庭，家人)--Herfamily_____(be)watchingmovienow.Herfamily_____(be)fulloflaughing.4.名词所有格：表示名词与名词之间的所属关系1类别构成方法例词有生命名词单数加—‘sLily’sfather;hisdaughter有生命名词复数S结尾加’thedoctors’office;mygrandparents’house不以s结尾加’sChildren’sDay无生命名词利用ofthemapofChina(China’smap)实战演练：1.It’smy_______schoolbag.Heleftittherejustnow.A．brotherB.brother’sC.brothers’2.–Whose______arethere?----IthinktheyareJohn’s.A.keyB.keiesC.keys(14永州)3.Therearemanyexpensive_____intheshop.(2014怀化)A.watchB.watchesC.watchs.4.Arethereany______inyourschool?A.GermanB.GermansC.Germen（14广州）5.Howmany_______arethereinthebasket?A.potatoB.breadC.tomatoes6.Therearealotof______ontheground.A.leafB.leavesC.leafs7.Weshouldtakeourteacher’s_______andmakefulluseof_______.A.advices;timesB.advice;timeC.advices;timeD.advice;times8.LookatJoy’s_______.Sheisveryhappy.A.faceB.facesC.mouths(14张家界)9.Pleasegivemesome_______onhowtolearnEnglishwell.(2014益阳)A.planB.informationC.advice10.Youcanfindmany______aboutthefamousfilmstarontheInternet.A.newsB.informationC.pictures11.Thereisn’tany______inthefridge.A.vegetablesB.beefC.eggs12.Ihadapieceofbeef,vegetablesand_______fordinner.A.somericeB.afewriceC.arice二、代词（pronouns）：1.人称，物主及反身代词（背诵！！！）第一人称第二人称第三人称主格Iweyou(你/你们)hesheitthey宾格adj.物主代词yourhistheirn.物主代词mineoursits反身代词_______;________2.指示代词:this(these);that(those)3.不定代词：①little;alittle;much(后+不可数n.);②few;afew;many;both;either…(后+可数n.)③some,any,all(后+可数或不可数n.)④复合不定代词：someone;something;anything,anybody;nothing;nobody;none…4.疑问代词：who,whom,whose,whi...
