GrammarGrammarGrammarGrammar同位语同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如：Thefactthatsheisillshouldbeconsidered.同位语从句的先行词多为fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark等。同位语有时也可位于与之同位的名词前。如：Normallyatimidboy,Tomjumpedintotheriverandsavedthedrowninggirl.关联词多用从属连词。1.名词作同位语MrWang,mychild’steacher,willbevisitingusonTuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。2.短语作同位语I,theoldestgirlinthefamily,alwayshadtocarefortheotherchildren.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。3.直接引语作同位语Butnowthequestioncomestotheirminds,“Didshedieyoungbecauseshewasaclone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？”4.句子作同位语ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatlakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。从属连词1.从属连词：that,whether(1)连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）e.g:Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.(作idea的同位语)e.g:Hisdelayisduetothefactthatthecarwentwronghalfway.(作delay的同位语)e.g:Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.(作news的同位语)e.g:Hepresentedevidencethathisarticlewasbasedonoriginalresearch.(作evidence的同位语)e.g:Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。e.g:Thequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。(2)连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）2.连接代词：what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever引导同位语从句e.g:Ihavenoideawhatsizeshoesshewears.(what作定语)e.g:Ihavenoideawhichwineisbest——it’samatterofpersonaltaste.(which作定语)e.g:Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.(who作主语)e.g:ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.3.连接副词：when,where,how,why引导同位语从句e.g:Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.e.g:YouhavenoideahowworriedIwas.e.g:Myoriginalquestion,whyhediditatall,hasnotbeenanswered.同位语从句-特殊形式1.间隔同位语从句当主语和位于比较短的时候，同位语从句常被分离。主语(本位语)+谓语+同位语从句AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomethatImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday简析：由于that从句太长，为避免句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句当由于表达不同意义的需要，同位语从句也会被句子其它成分隔开。一、被状语隔开Wehavenoideaatallthathehasgone.我们一点儿都不知道他已经走了。二、被定语隔开FarfromthetrutharethewordsgivenbytheobserverthatJohnwasnotmurdered.约翰不是被谋杀的,目击者所说的这些话远远不符合事实2.suggestion,request和order等名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气。Shemadearequestthatthedoctor(should)besentforatonce.她请求立即请医生来。简析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation等名词后接同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的形式，其中should一词可省略。3.短语及固定句式后的同位语从句IwillcomeonconditionthatJohnisinvited.如果约翰也被邀请的话，我就来。简析：短语oncondition,onsupposition,ontheground(s),ontheunderstanding,withtheexception,inspiteofthefact,ontheassumption及句式therebe+nodoubt(hope,chance,possibility,…)后的that从句为同位语从句。不同连词引导的同位语从句引导同位语从句的连词除that,whether外，还可以用how,when,where,why,等。（注：if,which不能引导同位语从句。）Hecan’tanswerthequestionhowhegotthemone...
