PassiveVoice被动语态英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态1.主动句：主语（施动者）+谓动+宾语（受动者）被动句：主语（受动者）+be谓动过分+by+施动者2.被动语态的谓语：be动词+p.p.(过分词）e.g.Theschoolwasbuiltlastyear.学校是去年修的3.主动句和被动句的转换方法：1）.把原原来的宾语宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语主语;;2）.把动词变成“be+be+过去分词过去分词”;3）.主动语态中的主语主语变为介词byby的宾语宾语。。e.g.e.g.TheyTheycleanedcleanedtheroom.theroom.主动句主动句Theroomwascleanedbythem.被动句*若施动者不重要，by+施动者口语中常省略。3.被动语态有各种时态：基本形式：be+done(以do为例）1.一般现在时：am/is/are+done2.一般过去时：was/were+done3.一般将来时：(shall/will/begoingto)be+done4.现在完成时：have/hasbeen+done5.情态动词：can等+be+donee.g.Theroomisoftencleaned.房间要经常打扫。Thebookswerestolenyesterday.书昨天被偷了。Youwillbepunishedbymathteachertomorrow.你明天要被数学老师惩罚了。Myhomeworkhavebeenfinished.我的作业已经做完了Yourclothesshouldbewashed.你的衣服该洗了。（以上句子中都省略了by+施动者）**可见，被动句的各种时态只变be动词的时态就行，过去分词始终不变。表格：被动态基本结构时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone(shall/will/begoingto)bedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendone情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+donemustbedone/mustn’tbedoneshouldbedone/shouldn’tbedonecanbedone/can’tbedonemaybedone/mightbedoneOralpractice-主动句改被动句Oralpractice--1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.2)Thesetwokidsplanttreeseveryyear．3)Weshouldprotecttheearth．4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．•Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Treesareplantedbythesetwokidseveryyear.Theearthshouldbeprotectedbyus.TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday.补充作业：一.翻译（用被动语态译，注意时态）：1.我的红钢笔被他偷了。2.他的钱已经被用完了。3.这辆自行车经常修。4.这个房间能使用。5.这个房子将被卖掉。二.把下列句子变为被动句。1.Iwateredtheflowers.2.Sheboughtajacket.3.Heoftenwasheshisclothes.4.I'mgongtovisitmymother.5.Theycanplaybasketball.6.Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople三.把下列句子变为疑问句并回答，再变为否定句.这种变化与以前学的一样：有be变be动词，有其他助动词则变助动词，有情态动词则变情态动词1.Thebagwastakenbyhim.2.Thefoodshouldbeeaten.3.Myworkhasbeendone.一.1.Mypenwasstolenbyhim.2.Hismoneyhasbeenrunout.3.Thebikeisoftenrepaired.4.Theroomcanbeused.5.Thehousewillbesold.二.1.Theflowerswerewateredbyme.2.Ajacketwasboughtbyher.3.Hisclothesareoftenwashedbyhim.4.Mymotherisgongtobevisitedbyme.5.Basketballcanbeplayedbyhim.三.1.Wasthebagtakenbyhim?Yes,itis/No,itisn't.Thebagwasn'ttakenbyhim.2.Shouldthefoodbeeaten?Yes,itshould/No,itshouldn't3.Hastheworkbeendone?Yes,ithas./No,ithasn't.一.生活中不是每个句子都需要用被动语态表示。像“Basketballwasplayedbyhim”虽然语法是对的，但意思很别扭。所以生活中用主动句用的还是多一些。什么时候用被动句呢？*一般是没必要说出施动者，或不知道施动者是谁，或为了强调受动者，才采用被动语态。如.他的钱包被偷了；我的作业完成了；水卖完了，杭州出产茶叶；英语在全世界广泛使用等。e.g.TeaisproducedinHangzhou.Englishisspokenwidelyintheworld.二.注意：汉语中这些字也常表示“被动：为，给，叫，让，遭等，但它们多数时候作动词，所以要仔细分析，根据主语和谓语动的关系来判断是主动还是被动。e.g.他给我一本书(give).你的记性给狗吃了(waseaten)你叫他吃饭（ask).你的书包叫他拿了（wastaken)他为你买单。...
