l宾语补足语同位语状语英语句子成分及简单句型结构一、介绍与其重要性学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配，就能写出完整、正确的句子。句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种。定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语Itoldmvbestfriendlomtopicknwup注tthg独irp*iii主谓定宾钻锻语语二、英语句子成分分析解读㈠主语（subject）句子说明的人或事物JUHVisgoodatplayingthepiano.〈名词）KZwentoutinahurry,（代词）_Foui-plusfouriseight*（数词）川八eistobelieve.（不定式）Ubadforhealth・（动名词）电“ii/t曹shouldrespecttheold.C名词化的形容词）Hhaihehassaidistrue.（句子）找出句中主语Thesunrisesintheeast.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.Helikesdancing.Whatheneedsisabook.Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.误误误误误误误误误dealaproblemdependsb・insistdoingsth・knockthedooroperatesb・participatesth・refersth・relysb・/sth・replyaletter㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesn'tseemtolikedancing英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，分成不及物动词与和及物动词。及物动词（vt・）：及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语），并且可直接跟宾语。如：HereachedParis.不及物动词（vi・）：不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后加上某个介词。如:Look!Sheissinging・Lookatmecarefully!类似的还有：agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed・・・易误用作及物动词的9个不及物动词：正：dealwithaproblem处理问题正：dependonsb・依靠（依赖）某人正：insistondoingsth.坚持要做某事正:knockon[at]thedoor敲门正：operateonsb・为某人做手术正：participateinsth.参加某事正：refertosth.查阅（参考）某物正：relyonsb./sth.依靠（依赖）正：replytoaletter回信（三）宾语动作的对象或承受者一及物动词或介词的宾语Showyourpassportplease.（名词）Shedidn^sayanything,（代词）Howmunydoyouwant?-1wanttwo.（数词）TheysenttheinjuredtohuspitaL（名词化的形容词）Theyaskedtoseemypassport.（不定式〉Ienjoyworkingwilhyou.〔动名词）Didyouwritedownht§蛊id?（句子）接语接语J直pleasepassme肌book*Heboughthis壮iHfr池ml玄川wjSwen.常见跟双宾语动词可接双宾语的38个常用动词竹）双宾语易位吋需借助介词to的常用动词awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.颁奖给某丿*bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.扌巴某物带给某人handsb.sth.=liandsth.tosb.把某牛勿递给某人lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.耙某物忆：给某人mailsb.sth.二mailsth.tosb.把某物寄给某人offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.将某物给某人owesb.stir=owesth.tosb.欠某人某牛勿.►passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb_把臬物递给某人pay£b.sth.=paysth.tosb.彳寸给某丿.某物（钱postsb.sth.=poststh.tosb.把某物寄给某人returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.』巴某物还给某人sendsb.sth.二sendsth.tosb.扌巴某物［羞给某人sellsb.sth.=sellsthi.tosb.扌巴某物卖给某人servesb.sth・=servesth.tosb・拿某物扌召待某人showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.拿某物给某冬看takesb.sth.=takesth.tosb.把某物雀率秦人•宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.■Hegavemesonwbooks”•find密b,sth.=findsth.forsb.为某丿■找至【」某物•fixsb.sth.二fixsth.forsb.为某人准备某物•getsb.sth.=gelsth.forsb.为某人拿来某物•makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.为某人做某物•ordersb.sth.=order...
