虚拟语气虚拟语气表示法归纳表示法归纳１.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断a)表示与现在事实相反If条件句主句were/didwould(should,could,might)doIfIwereyou,Ishouldn'tdothat.Wewouldgowithyouifwehadtime.b)表示与过去事实相反If条件句主句haddonewould(should,could,might)+havedone•Ifhehadcomeearlier,youwould(might)havemethim.•Ishould(would)havecalledyouifIhadknownyourtelephonenumber.c)表示与将来事实相反If条件句主句were/didwould(should,could,might)+doweretodoshoulddoIfitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,theywouldnotgoout.Ifshecametomorrow,Iwouldbehappy.一.“虚拟语气”需要注意的几点:1.谓语动词不能用现在的各种时态(用原形或“过去”的几种时态);2.并非都是表示与事实相反(可表示怀疑、愿望、选择、建议或改变说话口气等);3.任何人称与数,be的过去式都可用were(不过单数一、三人称也可用was);4.在以下两种情况下,be的过去式只能用were:ifIwereyouIfitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeet.二.表示法归纳may(“祝愿”)后面的宾语从句谓语。Mayyourdreamcometrue!陈述:Ihopeyourdreamwillcometrue.Godblessyou!(=MayGodblessyou!)I.用原形动词1.在wouldrather后的从句谓语中。Iwouldratherhedidn’tgowithmenextSaturday.2.“在Itis/wastime(that)”后面的从句谓语中。Itishightimethattheproblemwere/wassettlednow.注:“此句型也可用should+”原形动词。Itishightimethattheproblemshouldbesettlednow.II.用过去式动词3.表示说话口气婉转与和缓或更加不肯定，使用情态动词will,can,may的过去式。Couldyousparemeafewminutes?Wouldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothetube?Thebabymighthavesomefevernow.1.在order/demand/require/desire/ask(要求)/insist(坚决要求)/request/advise/suggest(建议)等动词后面的宾语从句中。Sherequestedthatthedoctor(should)examineheronceagain.注意:a.Itwasorderedthatthebridge(should)bedestroyedrightaway.III.“用(should+)”原形动词b.ask“”问、insist“”坚持（认为）、suggest“”“”暗示、表明，宾语从句用陈述语气。Themanagerinsistedthathewasright.虚拟:Themanagerinsistedthathebetoldeverything.2.在order,suggestion后面的同位语从句中。HemadethesuggestionthattheyshouldcarryontheirconversationinFrench.陈述:HemadeapromisethattheywouldcarryontheirconversationinFrench.)3.主语是order,suggestion,idea或是whatsb.suggests/demands后面的表语从句中。Whattheydemandedwasthattherighttovotebegiventoeveryadultman.Theorderthegovernorgavewasthattheybowbeforehishatwhenevertheypassed.陈述:Thenewsthatisexcitingthewholenationisthatourteamhaswon28goldmedalssofarinSydney2000OlympicGames.)4.“在Itisimportant/necessary/strange/unusual/natural/impossiblethat”后面的主语从句中。Itisnaturalthatabeginner(should)makesomegrammarmistakeswhilespeakingEnglish.陈述:Itisclearthathiswifeknowsnothingaboutit.)注意:a.Itisstrangethathebesleepingintheroomwithallthewindowsclosedinsuchhotweather.b.Itisunusualthathenothavepassedtheexam.(Thefactis:Hedidn’tpasstheexam.)1.在动词wish后面的宾语从句中。HowIwishsheknewmyphonenumber!(Butshedoesn’tknowmyphonenumber.)陈述:Ihopesheknowsmyphonenumber.(Ihopeso,butIdon’tknowwhethersheknowsit.)IV.“”按陈述语气时态往过去推移一步.（如同直接引语转为间接引语那样改变时态形式）注意:当动词wish是过去时态时，其后面的宾“”语从句的时态不必往过去推移一步。Iwishshehadknownmyphonenumber.(ButIknowshedidn’tknowmyphonenumberatthattime.)Iwishedthatsheknewmyphonenumber.(ButIknewshedidn’tknowmyphonenumberatthattime.)陈述:Ihopedthatsheknewmyphonenumber.(Ihopedso,butIdidn’tknowifsheknewitatthattime.)2.在asif/asthough所引导的从句中。Hewalksasthough...
