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Unit1Unit1SchoollifeSchoollifeIntroductiontoattributiveclauses&Relativepronouns:that,which,who,whom,andwhose1.Whataretheywearing?2.Canyoudescribetheteamusingattributives?1.Thegreenteam.2.Theteamingreen.3.Theteamwhoarewearinggreen.AttributivesAttributivesprepositionalphraseattributiveclauseadjectiveAttributiveclausesAnattributiveclausemodifiesanouninthesamewaythatanadjectiveorprepositionalphrasedoes.e.g.Theteamwhoarewearinggreen.Theattributiveclausesareusuallyintroducedbyrelativepronounslikewhich,that,who,whomandwhose,orrelativeadverbslikewhere,whyandwhen.attributiveclause定语从句:修饰主句中名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。antecedent先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。relativepronoun&relativeadverb:引导定语从句的代词或副词叫做关系代/副词。Maryisastudentwhois21yearsold()()TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.()()先行词先行词关系代词关系副词Intheattributiveclausestherelativewordsusuallyfunctionasthe:•subject•object•predicative•attribute•adverbialAssubjectAssubjectTheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Thewomangotthejob.ThewomancanspeakRussian.ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.AsobjectAsobjectThemaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.Thewomangotthejob.Wesawherinthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawinthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.Wesawthestudentjustnow.Heisthebestrunnerinourschool.Thestudentwhomwesawjustnowisthebestrunnerinourschool.AspredicativeAspredicativeJackusedtobealazyboy.Heisnolongeralazyboy.Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.AsattributeAsattributeShehasabrother.Ican’trememberhisname.ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan’tremember.AsadverbialAsadverbialTheschoolisinShenzhen.Hestudiedintheschool.TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词who指人，作主语或宾语（作宾语常可省略）；whom指人，作宾语；whose指人，作定语；which指物，作主语，宾语，表语;that指人或物，作主语、宾语、表语；as指人或物，作主语，表语，as的作用接近who和which。以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用thatthat，不用，不用whichwhich。。1.先行词为不定代词everything，something，nothing，anything或由few，little，much，all，only，thevery等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。如：that和whichTheygotothenewspaper’sownlibrarytolookupanyinformationthattheyneed.他们到报社的图书馆去查找他们所需要的资料。ThisistheverybookthatIhavebeenlookingfor.这正是我在寻找的书。Theonlythingthatmattersistofindourwayhome.唯一要紧的事是找到回家的路。注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如：Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用关系代词that引导定语从句。如：Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。Newtonwasoneofthegreatestmenthateverlived.牛顿是世界上最伟大的人物之一。3.先行词同时指人和物时，用that。如：Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen.我们谈论了我们当时所见的人和事物。Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.瞧瞧那个沿街走过来的男人和他的驴子。4.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时用that。如：Whichisthedictionarythatyouwant?哪本是你要的字典？Whoistheman...