第九讲-重复法VIP免费

Repetition重复法英语行文多替代汉语行文多重复——吴群TheoreticalDiscussionGrammaticallyorrhetoricallyspeaking,repetitionofthesameword,sameexpressionandeventhesamestructureinasentenceorapassageismorenaturalandidiomaticandthusmuchmorefrequentinChinesethaninEnglish,thoughrhetoricalorsignificantrepetitioncanalsobefoundinEnglish.不管是在英语还是在汉语里，句子重复使用词或词组都是存在的。英语往往是在修辞时才使用重复，一般情况下要避免重复。在英语里，无论是口语还是书面语，人们都不习惯重复。他们避免的重复成分小至单词大至句子。凡是意义相同或只是部分相同的词语，再此提起时都省略不出现，以避免重复。但汉语则不仅在修辞时使用重复，而且在一般情况下也大量使用重复。重复是汉语一个明显的特点。不过，汉语里的重复不会给人单调乏味或啰嗦之感，相反可以增强文章的战斗力。这是英汉语的重要差别之一。ExamplesThemonkey’smostextraordinaryfeatwaslearningtooperateatractor.Bytheageofnine,thisremarkableanimalhadlearnedtodrivethevehiclesingle-handed.这猴子最拿手的本领就是学会了开拖拉机。九岁时，这只了不起的猴子就已经学会了用一只手驾驶拖拉机。MrsThatcherwonbyaclearmargin,andbecameprimeministerfivedaysafterJohnMajor’sresignation.TheIronLadyremainedMPforFinchleyuntil1992,butevenafterleavingWestminstershecontinuedtobeaformidableforcein…theleaderoftheConservativePartybecameafamiliarfigureinternationally,strikingupafamousfriendshipwithUSPresidentReaganandgainingthepraiseofSovietleaderGorbachev.ThesebigpotatoesplannedtopayanofficialvisittothefirstwomanPrimeMinisteroftheU.K.Aswasmentionedabove,inanewsreport,“英国首相撒切尔夫人”isgivensuchdifferentnamestoavoidtherepetitionofthesamename.However,inChinesetheuseofmanydifferentnamesforthesamepersonmayseemunnatural,orevencauseambiguity.Asaresult,weshouldputgreatemphasisonthisdistinctionbetweenthesetwolanguagesinEnglishwritingandE-Ctranslation.重复法实际上是一种增词法，只不过增加的词是上文刚刚出现过的词。翻译和写作一样，本应力求简练，尽量省略一些可有可无的词，但有时为了明确、强调或生动，却往往需要将一些关键性的词加以重复。为了明确,…为了习惯Wehavetoanalyseandsolveproblems.我们要分析问题，解决问题。为了强调Ihavefulfilledmyassignedworkaheadofschedule,sohashe.我已提前完成交给我的工作，他也提前完成交给他的工作。为了生动天苍苍，野茫茫…Theskyisblueblue;Andthesteppewide,wide;定语从句后，有时…Wehaveadvocatetheprincipleofpeacefulcoexistence,whichisnowgrowingmoreandmore…我们提倡和平共处的原则，这个原则目前…CategoricalAnalysisGrammaticalRepetition(语法性重复）RhetoricalReduplicationandRepetition（修辞性重叠和重复）GrammaticalRepetitionGrammaticalrepetitionoftenresultsfromdifferencesingrammarandusagebetweenthetwolanguages.WhatisusuallyomittedorsubstitutedinEnglishgrammaticallymayoftenberepeatedinChinese.Asisall-known,clarityismoreimportantthanconciseness.Ifwecannotmakeourversionbothclearandbrief,byallmeansmakeitclearfirst.Repetitioncanhelpmakeitclearintranslation,and,atthesametimeremedyambiguity.Theycarriedwiththemdifferenttools,machinesandironandsteelplates.他们随身带了各种不同的工具、机器、铁板和钢板。Weneedmaterialswhichcanbearhightemperatureandpressure.我们需要能耐高温高压的材料。Wehavetoanalyzeandsolveproblems.我们要分析问题，解决问题。Thesolidfriendshipbetweenourtwocountriestookshapeduringourprotractedstrugglesagainstcolonialism,hegemonism,andoutmodedrelationships.在长期反殖民、反霸权、反旧体制的斗争中，我们两国建立了...