高考高考英语英语语法复习之语法复习之定语从句宜宾县一中李杰教学目标•1.记住定语从句的定义；•2.掌握先行词、关系词的概念；•3.准确区别关系代词和关系副词；•4.掌握定语从句解题技巧。翻译下面的句子•1.我们学校正在修建一个体育馆。这体育馆能容纳5000人。•(1)_________________________•(2)_________________________Ourschoolisbuildingastadium.Thestadiumcanhold5,000people.•2.Tom交了一个网友。他的那个网友擅长英语。(1)_______________________(2)_______________________Tommadeane-pal.Hise-palisgoodatEnglish刚才的句子是否可改写成一个句子？1.Ourschoolisbuildingastadium.Thestadiumcanhold5,000people.Ourschoolisbuildingastadiumwhich／thatcanhold5,000people.2.Tommadeane-pal.Hise-palisgoodatEnglish.Tommadeane-palwho／thatisgoodatEnglish.1.Ourschoolisbuildingastadiumwhich／thatcanhold5,000people.2.Tommadeane-palwho／thatisgoodatEnglish.结论：这两个句子都分别是由两个简单句组合成的_____句，含有_____从句。复合定语定语从句的定义：对一个名词、代词或整个主句起修饰限定的句子，叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫______引导定语从句的词叫______定语从句分为_______定语从句和________定语从句。先行词关系词限制性非限制性例.Ourschoolisbuildingastadiumwhich／thatcanhold5,000people.•先行词________•关系词____________•定语从句_______________________•主句__________________________stadiumwhich／thatwhich／thatcanhold5,000peopleOurschoolisbuildingastadium=介词+whichwhen,where,why,that,／关系词分类关系代词关系副词指人指物who,whom,that,whose,／which,that,as,whose,／关系词三大作用连接替代成分连接主、从句替代先行词在从句中充当主、宾、表、定或状语例：Ourschoolisbuildingastadiumwhich／thatcanhold5,000people.关系代词与关系副词异同共同点：根本区别：连接和替代作用在定语从句中充当的成分不同关系代词：在定从中充当主、宾、表或定语关系副词：在定从中充当时间、地点、原因或方式状语关系词选择三步曲第一步第二步第三步判断从句是否缺主、宾、表语，缺选关系代词which、that、who、whom、as或／判断是否缺定语，缺用关系代词whose或ofwhom／whichthe不缺主、宾、表、定语，则一定缺状语，用关系副词或介词+which／whom／whose例：Tommadeane-pal________isgoodatEnglish.定从是____isgoodatEnglish.定从缺_____,且指人故用________________主语关系代词who/that关系词选择方法二——还原法什么是还原法？——把定从改成两个单句，即把先行词还原到定从中去，看是否需要添加介词。定从由来：Tommadeane-pal.Hise-palisgoodatEnglish.Tommadeane-palwho／thatisgoodatEnglish.还原法不添加介词添加’s或of添加at、in、on等介词用关系代词用whose用关系副词例：Ourschoolisbuildingastadium______canhold5,000people.解析：把先行词_______还原到定从中去__________________,stadiumThestadiumcanhold5,000people.which/that没有添加介词且指物、作主语，故用_________实战演练•（2014安徽卷）22．Theexactyear_____AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.•A.WhenB.where•C.whyD.whichD解析：定从改为Angelaandherfamilyspent______togetherinChina.theyear先行词在从句中作宾语（没有添加介词）用关系代词which•（2014江苏卷）22.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork_____agoodimpressionisamust.A.whichB.whenC.asD.whereD解析：先行词还原到定从：Agoodimpressionisamust_______.atwork先行词是地点名词、前添加了介词，用关系副词where(14福建卷)31.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities_____theycangainexperienceforgrowth.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.whereD解析：先行词还原到定从：Theycangainexperienceforgrowth_________.inactivities先行词是地点名词、前添加了介词，用关系副词where（2014山东卷）10.Acompany______profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.whyB先行词后加了’s，故用whose作定语解析：先行词还原到定从:_____________profitsfromhomemarketsaredeclining.Thecompany’s（2014陕西卷）13.Pleasesendusalltheinformation_________youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what解析：还原：youhave________aboutthecandidateforthepositionAinformation定从缺宾语且先行词被all修饰，故用that（2014四川卷）4.Bynow,wehaveraised50.000poundsforthepoorchildren,______isquiteunexpected.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.itB解析：which引导非限制性定从且充当主语，先行词为整个主句关系代词=whose=关系副词=关系词用法总结先行词先行词’s介词+先行词HomeworkTestpapers
