主谓一致专项复习【复习目标】·掌握主谓一致的原则。·掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。【课前准备】·要求学生回忆有关主谓一致的具体应用。【知识要点】1\语法形式上的一致。主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式:主语为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。2.意义上一致。(1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有people,police,audience等。(2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数,谓语动词用单数。形复意单(不可数)的词有:news,maths,physics等。3.就近原则谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语,如therebe句型或用连词either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso等。4.要注意的几个问题。(1)class,family,team,country,school等集合名词作主语时,如果指整体,用单数;如果指每个成员,用复数。如:HisfamilyarewatchingTVinthesittingroom.Hisfamilyisverybig.(2)trousers,shoes,glasses,socks,stockings,scissors单独作主语时,谓语动词用复数,但当它们与apairof或pairsof连用时,谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。如:Thepairofglassesfitsyouwell.Severalpairsofnewshoeshavebeensenttotheoldmen.(3)名词性物主代词后的动词单复数,取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。如:ours(=OurParty)isagreatparty.Yourshoesareblack,mine(=myshoes)arebrown.5.当主语后面跟有with,togetherwith,like,but,except,besides,aswellas等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。如:MrGreentogetherwithhischildrengoestotheparkeverySunday.6.the+adj表示一类人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:Theoldaregoingtobelookedafterwell.7.and连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数,但如果指同个人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数,这时and后面的名词无冠词。如:Aspeakerandwriteriscomingtomorrow.(同一个人)Aspeakerandawriterarecomingtomorrow.(两个人)8.EveryAandeveryB/EachAandeachB/NoAandnoB作主语时,谓语动词用单数,其中A、B代表单数名词。9.Thenumberof+...,谓语动词用单数。Anumberof+...,谓语动词用复数,相当于alotof。如:Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis50.AnumberofstudentsarelearningJapanesenow.10.在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致Behindthehousearesometrees.11.表示数量的oneandahalf后,名词要用复数形式,但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.12.几分之几/halfof/partof/therestof+n/pron.作主语,谓语动词由后面的n/pron决定。而oneof+n/pron作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:Twothirdsofthebreadwaseaten.13.名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数。如:Thedoctor'sisontheothersideofthestreet.14.表示“一段时间”“一段距离”“一些钱”的名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。如:Sixmilesistoofarforanoldmantowalk.15.关系代词who,that,which在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数与先行词一致。如:Thosewhowanttogohavesignedtheirnameshere.16.疑问代词who,what,which作主语时,谓语动词根据说话人所表达的意思决定单复数。如:Wholivenextdoor?It'sZhangandLiu./Wholivesnextdoor?It'sLiu.【典型例题解析】例1Therich________notalwayshappy.A.areB.isC.hasD.have解析the+adj.表示一类人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数,故选A。例2TheOlympicGames_______heldevery______years.A.is,fourB.are,fourC.is,fiveD.are,five解析每四年一次的奥林匹克往往看作复数。故选B。例3Noonebutherclassmates______it.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.areknowing解析当主语后跟有but引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数按but前面部分的单复数而定。故选B。例4解析表示一些钱的名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数,故选D。例5Nobirdandnobeast_______onthelonelyisland.A.areseenB.isseenC.seeD.sees解析No...andno...作主语时,谓语动词用单数。故选B。【选讲例题】例6Look,herecom...