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高一英语同步练习必修1Unit1Friendship第3课时：Grammar（DirectSpeechandIndirectspeech）一、不同句子种类的变化直接引语（变化前）间接引语（变化后）陈述句Janesaid，“I’mveryfondoftraveling.”that引导的宾语从句Janesaidthatshewasveryfondoftraveling.一般疑问句“Isthisyourumbrella，Mary？”askedJohn.whether/if引导的宾语从句JohnaskedMarryifthatwasherumbrella.特殊疑问句“Marry，whenwillyoureturnmethebook？”askedJohn.wh-词引导的宾语从句JohnaskedMarrywhenshewouldreturnhimthebook.祈使句Theofficersaidtohim，“Don’tleaveyourpost.”不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.Let’s开头的祈使句Isaidtohim，“Let’sstartatonce.”that引导的宾语从句Isuggestedtohimthatwe（should）startatonce.感叹句Hesaid：“HowhappyIam!”that/what/how引导的宾语从句Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.二、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthedayaftertomorrowyesterdaylastnightthedaybeforeyesterdaygobringherethat/thisthose/thesethenbeforethatday/today/yesterday（the）nextdayintwodays’timethedaybeforethenightbeforetwodaysbeforecome/gobring/takethere/here三、时态的变化1直接引语（变化前）间接引语（变化后）主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时Sheoftensays，“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”“Youdidverywell，”IhavejusttoldTom.从句动词时态不变Sheoftensaystheallmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.IhavejusttoldTomthatthedidverywell.主句动词为一般过去时引语动词为：从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为：一般现在时“Iknowit，”hesaid.一般过去时Hesaidthatheknewit.现在进行时“I’mmakingcoffeeforyouall，”shesaid.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore，”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.现在完成进行时Hesaid，“Ihavebeendoingitforhours.”过去完成进行时Hesaidhehadbeendoingitforhours.一般过去时“IsawherlastMonday，”hesaid.过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday.过去进行时“IwaswaitingforJim，”shesaid.过去完成进行时ShesaidshehadbeenwaitingforJim.过去完成时“DoyouknowRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied？”Jackasked.过去完成时JackaskedifIknewRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied.一般将来时Hesaid：“Weshallstarttomorrow.”过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.I．基础练习：直接引语变间接引语注意要点：直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。直接引语如果是________、_________等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。时态变化的原则：如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：（1）一般现在时变为_________（2）现在进行时变为_________（3）一般将来时变为_________（4）_________变为过去完成时（5）一般过去时变为_________（6）过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导.1.陈述句2“Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.”SaidAnne.______________________________________直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导.2.一般疑问句Heasked,“Areyouleavingtonight?”______________________________________直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。3.特殊疑问句“Whendidyougotobedlastnight?”fathersaidtoAnne.______________________________________代词等一般地应作相应的变化：指示代词this---that;these---those表示时间的词now---then;today---thatday；thisweek(month,etc)----thatweek(month,etc)；yesterday----thedaybefore...