高一英语同步练习必修1Unit1Friendship第3课时:Grammar(DirectSpeechandIndirectspeech)一、不同句子种类的变化直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)陈述句Janesaid,“I’mveryfondoftraveling.”that引导的宾语从句Janesaidthatshewasveryfondoftraveling.一般疑问句“Isthisyourumbrella,Mary?”askedJohn.whether/if引导的宾语从句JohnaskedMarryifthatwasherumbrella.特殊疑问句“Marry,whenwillyoureturnmethebook?”askedJohn.wh-词引导的宾语从句JohnaskedMarrywhenshewouldreturnhimthebook.祈使句Theofficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.Let’s开头的祈使句Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”that引导的宾语从句Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)startatonce.感叹句Hesaid:“HowhappyIam!”that/what/how引导的宾语从句Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.二、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthedayaftertomorrowyesterdaylastnightthedaybeforeyesterdaygobringherethat/thisthose/thesethenbeforethatday/today/yesterday(the)nextdayintwodays’timethedaybeforethenightbeforetwodaysbeforecome/gobring/takethere/here三、时态的变化1直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”“Youdidverywell,”IhavejusttoldTom.从句动词时态不变Sheoftensaystheallmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.IhavejusttoldTomthatthedidverywell.主句动词为一般过去时引语动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般现在时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般过去时Hesaidthatheknewit.现在进行时“I’mmakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.现在完成进行时Hesaid,“Ihavebeendoingitforhours.”过去完成进行时Hesaidhehadbeendoingitforhours.一般过去时“IsawherlastMonday,”hesaid.过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday.过去进行时“IwaswaitingforJim,”shesaid.过去完成进行时ShesaidshehadbeenwaitingforJim.过去完成时“DoyouknowRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied?”Jackasked.过去完成时JackaskedifIknewRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied.一般将来时Hesaid:“Weshallstarttomorrow.”过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.I.基础练习:直接引语变间接引语注意要点:直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。直接引语如果是________、_________等,变成间接引语时,时态不变。时态变化的原则:如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化:(1)一般现在时变为_________(2)现在进行时变为_________(3)一般将来时变为_________(4)_________变为过去完成时(5)一般过去时变为_________(6)过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that引导.1.陈述句2“Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.”SaidAnne.______________________________________直接引语是一般/选择疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether或if引导.2.一般疑问句Heasked,“Areyouleavingtonight?”______________________________________直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。3.特殊疑问句“Whendidyougotobedlastnight?”fathersaidtoAnne.______________________________________代词等一般地应作相应的变化:指示代词this---that;these---those表示时间的词now---then;today---thatday;thisweek(month,etc)----thatweek(month,etc);yesterday----thedaybefore...