现在完成时ThePresentPerfectTense一构成:have/has+动词过去分词(pp)肯定主语+have/has+pp否定主语+have/hasnot+pp疑问Have/Has+主语+pp+其他Yes,主+have/has.No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.ShehasbeentoEurope.Shehasn’tbeentoEurope.HasshebeentoEurope?Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.1.规则动词：与过去时变化相同。(1)一般+-edwork---worked---worked(2)以“e”结尾,+-d。live---lived---lived(3)“辅音字母+y”结尾，y变i,+-ed。cry---cried---cried(4)重读闭音节结尾(辅元辅)，双写后+-ed。drop---dropped--dropped2、不规则动词，见不规则表（p120）动词过去分词(pp)变化规则二含义及用法1表示过去发生的动作或事情，对现在的影响和产生的结果。常用的关键词常用的关键词yet(否/疑),already已经ever/never曾经/从来不just刚刚before以前recently,lately最近in/duringthepast/last5years过去五年bynow,sofar,uptonow,tillnow迄今once,twice…一次…all/inone’slife某人一生（1）already肯定句:“己经”一般疑问句:句末(表示惊讶的语气)“难道”Haveyouhadbreakfastalready？(表示强调)I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.(更常见)=I’vehadbreakfastalready.(2)yet否定句:句末“还(没)”疑问句:句末“己经”Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.注意：当在肯定句中含already或just，变否定时，在句末加yet。Ihaven’tseenthefilmyet.●Motherhasjustcleanedthehouse.Motherhasn’tcleanedthehouseyet.●Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.(3)ever肯定句/疑问句:句中“曾经”I’veeverbeentoBeijing.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?(4)never否定句:句中“从来没有”I’veneverbeentoBeijing.注:带ever的肯定句变否定句时,将ever变neverHehasevermademeal.Havetheyevertravelledbytrain?No,never.Hehasnevermademeal.带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时可用“No,never.”(5)just用于句中,表示“刚刚”I’vejusthadbreakfast.Whathavetheyjustdone?(6)before用于句末,表示“以前”I’veseenitbefore.Hassheriddenabikebefore?A:______yourbrother_________anewwatch?(buy)B:Notyet.KeyKeywordswordsHasboughtyetA:_______youever_______tothepark?(be)B:Yes,Ihave.KeyKeywordswordsHavebeenyeteverI______never______ofanythinglikethat.(hear)KeyKeywordswordshaveheardyeteverneverTom___________inthefactorysinceheleftschooltenyearsago.(work)KeyKeywordswordshasworkedyeteverneversinceA:Howlong______you________inthisschool?(teach)B:For6years.KeyKeywordswordshavetaughtyeteverneversinceforI______just________thedesk,youcantakeittoyourclassroom.(mend)KeyKeywordswordshavemendedyeteverneversinceforjust_______you_______theForbiddenCity(紫禁城)before?(visit)KeyKeywordswordsHavevisitedyeteverneversinceforjustbeforeHe____already______ajob.(find)KeyKeywordswordshasfoundyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadyWe_______only____________thefirstfivequestionssofar.(discuss)KeyKeywordswordshavediscussedyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofarThey______________over20,000fruittreesuptonow.(plant)KeyKeywordswordshaveplantedyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofaruptonowGreatchanges_________________inBeijinginthepast10years.(takeplace)KeyKeywordswordshavetakenplaceyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofaruptonowinthepast10yearsHe__________alotofgoodthingsinhislife.(do)KeyKeywordswordshasdoneyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofaruptonowinthepast10yearsinhislifeI____________herlately.(notsee)KeyKeywordswordshaven’tseenyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofaruptonowinthepast10yearsinhislifelatelyI_________________himrecently.(nothearfrom)KeyKeywordswordshaven’...
