一、谓语动词第三人称单数变化规则类别构成方法例词一般情况加-shelp-helpslike-likes以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词加-esguess-guessesfix-fixesteach-teachesfinish-finishes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-esstudy-studiesfly-flies※特殊:do-doeshave-hasgo-goes二、动词过去式规则变化类别构成方法例词一般情况直接加-edlook-lookedplay-played以字母e结尾的动词加-dlive-livedhope-hoped以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写这个辅音字母,再加-edstop-stoppedplan-planned以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-edstudy-studiedcarry-carried三、动词-ing形式的构成(现在分词的构成)类别构成方法例词一般情况直接加-inggo-goingask-asking以不发音字母e结尾的动词去掉e,再加-ingmake-makingtake-takingwrite-writing以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ingget-gettingcut-cuttingrun-running以字母ie结尾的动词变ie为y,再加ingdie-dyinglie-lying名词变复数规则变化类别构成方法例词一般情况直接加-smap-mapsbag-bagsbed-bedscat-cats以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词加-esclass-classesbox-boxeswatch-watchesdish-dishes以字母o结尾的词有生命的加-es,无生命的加-spotato-potatoestomato-tomatoesphoto-photoszoo-zoos以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i,再加-esfamily-familiesstrawberry-strawberries以f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v,再加-es形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则变化构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-esttallhightallerhighertallesthighest以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r或-stlatecutelatercuterlatestcutest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er或-estbigfatthinbiggerfatterthinnerbiggestfattestthinnest以辅音字母加-y结尾的双音节词,改y为i再加-er或-esteasyfriendlyearlyeasierfriendlierearliereasiestfriendliestearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostbeautifulinterestingoutgoingseriousmorebeautifulmoreinterestingmoreoutgoingmoreseriousmostbeautifulmostinterestingmostoutgoingmostserious(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest