中考被动语态讲练一、语法点讲解：（一）英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。被动语态结构：be+过去分词(PP)+(by⋯)在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。时态被动语态结构一般现在时?am/is/aredone一般过去时?was/weredone现在进行时?am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时?was/werebeingdone一般将来时shall/will/begoingtobedone过去将来时?Wouldbedone现在完成时?have/hasbeendone过去完成时?hadbeendoneEg.Somepeopleattackedthetowers.SVOThetowerswereattackedbysomepeople.SV1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.-Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．2)Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．-Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo⋯．3)WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．-Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．-TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．-Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．-Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．7)Weshouldprotecttheearth．-Theearthshouldbeprotected．8)Youneedtopaintthewall．-Thewallneedstobepainted．（二）几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday．Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.2.Weoftenhearhimplayguitar．Heisoftenheardtoplayguitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople.Theoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.（三）主动式表被动义1。动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,⋯1.Thebooks____well．A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsold2.Thiskindofcloth____easily．A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,⋯1.Thefishisnotfit_toeat_(eat)．2.WefindEnglishishard_tolearn_(learn)．3.Thearticleisdifficult__tounderstand_(understand).3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。1.Ihavealotofhomework______(do)．2.I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read)．4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,...)Thesteelfeelscold．5表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)Theshopopensat6am.everyday．6.作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed二、练习巩固：Exercise:1.Newspapersaremade__paper.Paperismade__wood.A.from/ofB.of/fromC.of/inD.in/from2.Alotofnewroads___builtinthewestofChina.A.mustB.mustbeC.hasD.have3.Thisdictionarymustn’t____fromthelibrary.A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway4.Myshoes____.Iwentoutforanewpair.A.iswornoutB.woreoutC.werewornoffD.werewornout5.Hiscar___tomorrow.A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired6.Whenyourhomework____,wewillgotoplayfootball.A.isdoneB.aredoneC.haddoneD.willbedone7.Heaskedme_______.A.whatthepaperisusedB.whatthepaperwasusedforC.whatwasthepapermadeofD.what’sthepaperusedas8.Threefourthsoftheinformationontheint...
