非谓语动词讲解NonfiniteVerbs非谓语动词动名词分词现在分词过去分词动词不定式1.谓语动词：概述：2.非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分一个句子一个句子当中，当中，已经存在一个已经存在一个主句主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,,又没又没有连词有连词的情况下的情况下,,还有别的动词出现时还有别的动词出现时。。非谓语动词使用条件非谓语动词使用条件Shegotoffthebus,Shegotoffthebus,leavingleavingherherhandbagonherseat.handbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,Shegotoffthebus,butbutleftleftherherhandbagonherseat.handbagonherseat.1Theteacherssittingtherearefromotherschools.表语2Wesawsometeacherssittingthere.宾语补足语3Weneedtobeactiveinclass.宾语谓语宾语主语定语连系动词非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.•4.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.•5.Iwanttoseeyou.•6.Iwanthimtoseeyou.•7.Myhopeistoseeyou.•8.Heisthemantoseeyou.•9.I’mgladtoseeyou.10.Iwenttoseeyou.11.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）•12.Swimmingishisfavouritesport.•13.Heenjoysswimming.•14.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.•15.Hisfavouritesportisswimming.•16.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.•17.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.((作主语）作主语）((作宾语）作宾语）((作宾补）作宾补）((作表语）作表语）((作状语）作状语）((作定语）作定语）动词不定式（TheInfinitive）一.动词不定式的基本构成：由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成肯定式：todosth否定式：nottodosth.被动式：tobedone完成式：tohavedone二.动词不定式的句法作用法动词不定式有副词，形容词和名词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语定语、状语等成份。动词不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。IwanttoseeyouthiseveningAllyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补(1)作主语不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。Toseeistobelieve．Nottogetthereintimeisyourfault.注：常用it做形式主语，将todo放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1：It+谓语+todoIttakesusanhour___gettherebybus.句型2：It’s+n.+todoIt’sourduty__helpthepoor.Itisagreatenjoyment__spendourholidayinthemountains句型3：Itisadj.for/ofsb.todosth.Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItis+adj+ofsbtodosth（是形容人的品质的）（是形容事物的性质的）Itiseasyformetofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonorforustobepresentatyourbirthdayparty.Itisverykindofyoutogivemesomehelp.It'simpoliteofyoutospeaktotheteacherlikethat.＝Youareverykindtogivemesomehelp.＝youareimpolitetospeaktotheteacherlikethat.常见动词有：口诀：想要决定同意，希望许诺选择want,decide,hope,agree,choose,wish,need,promise(2)作宾语Iwanttoknowthismatter.like,demand,expect,promise,begin,determine,refuse,offer,fail,manage,learn,seem,intend,prefer,forget,mean,prepare,pretend,continue,start,afford,hate等Idon’texpecttomeetyouhere.1).接不定式做宾语1.Theywanted____(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?1.Theywanted____(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?2.Hesaidhewished______(be)aprofessor.2.Hesaidhewished______(be)aprofessor.3.Iagreed______(go)therewiththedoctor.3.Iagreed______(go)therewiththedoctor.4.Mydaughterpreferred______(dance)when4.Mydaughterpreferred______(dance)whenshewasinhertwenties.shewasinhertwenties.5.Hehadpromised______(give)meahand.5.Hehadpromised______(give)meahand.•B.常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词:•tell,advise,show,teach,findout,decide...
