Lesson4Understanding一、阅读理解1．Howdidmostpeoplelearnaboutthingsinthe17thcentury?_________DA．Theylearnedthingsbyaskingquestions.B．Theylearnedthingsbyobservingtheworldaroundthem.C．Theywereusedtothinkingandtesting.D．TheyacceptedreligiousbeliefandwhatAristotlehadsaid.2．Howdomostpeopletodaygetanswerstothingsaccordingtothewriter?_______AA．TheyturntotheInternet.B．Theylikepeopleintheancienttimesgetanswerstothingsbyturningtothereligiousbeliefs.C．Theyfailtogettheanswerstothequestionswithoutthehelpofacomputer.D．FrancisBacon'ssuggestionforgettinganswersisnotsuitablefortoday'sscientistsandthinkers.3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutFrancisBacon?_______DA．FrancisBaconheldanimportantrankundertheruleofHenry.ⅧB．WhatFrancisBaconwasveryinterestedinwasthedaytodaybureaucraticdetailsofthegovernment.C．Hepreferredtomakeassumptionsabouttheworldbasedontheexperienceofothers.D．Heputforwardthataskingquestions,thinking,observingandtestingwerethemainfeaturesforlearning.4．WhydidpeoplechoosetobelieveinreligionandgreatpeoplelikeAristotle?_______DA．Becausetheywantedtobelievetheancientviews.B．Becausewhatthegreatmensaidwasabsolutelytrue.C．Becausetheyweresoignorantthattheychosetobelievethechurch.D．Becausetheydidn'twanttosearchfortheirownunderstandingoreducatethemselves.5．WhichofthefollowingimagesisNOTusedtoexplainhowmenlikeBaconandGalileohelpededucatepeople?______A．Shadows.B．Kingdoms.C．Civilization.D．Warandmoney.C二、概括课文大意(30词左右)人们通过各种学习活动获得知识和理解。不过在古代，多数人是保守不敢挑战权威的。幸亏有了像培根和伽利略这样的人，我们今天的文明才得以建立起来。【答案】Peoplegainknowledgeandunderstandingthroughdifferentactivitiesofstudytoday.However,intheancienttimemostpeopleweretooconservativetochallengeauthorityideas.ThankstopeoplelikeBaconandGalileo,moderncivilizationhasbeensetup.Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.(P42,Para1)我们如何获取知识和理解现在似乎显而易见。1．acquirevt.获得，得到典例辨析Heacquiredagoodreputation.他获得了好名声。acquire/obtain/gain(1)acquire指经过不懈努力获得技术、知识等抽象的东西。(2)obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间而得到所需要的东西。(3)gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力，往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西；另外也可指通过一点一滴的积累而获得某事物的过程。运用用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空(1)He________agoodknowledgeofbiology.acquired(2)Hefailedto________ascholarship.obtain(3)Hehas________richexperienceintheseyears.gainedAlthoughtodaywearemoreaccustomedtotypingafewkeywordsintoasearchengine...(P42,Para1)虽然今天我们更习惯于在一个搜索引擎里打出几个关键词……2．beaccustomedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事点拨be/getaccustomedto(doing)sth.＝be/getusedto(doing)sth.，意为“习惯于(做)某事”。如：Hewasapersonwhowasaccustomed/usedtohaving5hours'sleepanight.他是那种习惯每晚只睡五个小时的人。拓展accustomoneselfto使自使自己习惯于运用完成句子(1)I________________________(已经习惯)goingtoworkonfoot.(2)Youshould________________(适应)thejobassoonaspossible.havebeenaccustomed/usedtobeaccustomedto3．tendto经常做，倾向于典例Peopletendtoneedlesssleepastheygetolder.人上了年纪，往往会睡得更少。运用完成句子tendtoWomen________(往往会)livelongerthanmen.4．ignorevt.忽视，不顾典例Itriedtotellherbutsheignoredme.我打算告诉她，可是她不理我。Thechurchandmanypeopletendedtoignorethefactsandwereunwillingtochallengewhattheyhadalwayscomfortablyb...
