主动语态与被动语态一、英语的谓语动词的语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语宾变主,主变宾,前加by，用宾格形式。动变被,看清be,结构分别be+pp主动语态被动语态二、各种时态的被动语态形式：be+过去分词一般现在时：am/is/aredone一般过去时：was/weredone含有情态动词的被动语态can/must/needn'tbedone其他：现在进行时：am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时：was/werebeingdone现在完成时：have/hasbeendone过去完成时：hadbeendone一般将来时：shall/willbedone;begoingtobedone三、主动语态变被动语态解题步骤1.原句的宾语变为主语（找宾语）。Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesare2.动词变为相应时态的被动形式（注意be动词的形式）。made3.原句的主语变为by+宾格形式。其它照写。bythemintheirfactory.Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时的被动语态：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词HeHeridesridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeverythemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.day.Themotorbike____________tohisfactoryThemotorbike____________tohisfactoryeverydayeveryday..isridden2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词HeHeboughtboughthisfriendsomefruitsyesterday.hisfriendsomefruitsyesterday.HisfriendHisfriend____________somefruitsyesterday.somefruitsyesterday.wasbought3．JimcantakegoodcareofTina．TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyJim.情态动词：主语+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词HeHecancarrycancarrythebasket.thebasket.ThebasketcanThebasketcan____________________byhim.byhim.becarried1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.练习：把下列句子变为被动语态Theticket_________onthefloor.3.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebikecan_____________intwodays.areusedwasfoundbemended4.Didhefinishtheworkyesterday?5.Mustwefinishourworktoday?___thework_______byhimyesterday？Mustourwork___________by______today?Wasfinishedbefinishedus6.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?__thisquestionoften_____about______?Istalkedbythem7.Doesn’tBobcleanthestreeteveryday?_______thestreet_________byBobeveryday?Isn’tcleaned1)seesb.doingsth.被动语态：sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.1.带复合宾语的被动语态结构．Hetoldustogettoschoolearly.Ourparentsaskustostayathomeatnight.Weweretoldtogettoschoolearlybyhim.Weareaskedtostayathomeatnight.2）tellsb.todosth.3）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.watchlethavehearseenotice•WeWehearhearhimhimplayplayinthenextroominthenextroom..•HeHeisisheardheard__________________inthenextroom.inthenextroom.toplayBobsentKatealetterlastyear.=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.bringgivepasslend…to2.含有双宾语句子的被动语态Mummademeanewdress.IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.=AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.makebuydraw…for3.3.动词短语的被动语态动词短语的被动语态takecareoftakecareof→→betakencareofbetakencareofcutdowncutdown→→becutdownbecutdownlaughatlaughat→→belaughedatbelaughedatlookafterlookafter→→belookedafterbelookedafter•必须照看好孩子们。•Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare.(X)•Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.(√)Theysaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.=Itwassaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.类似的还有：Itisreported/Itisbelieved/hoped/supposedthat......Wereport4.注意一些惯用法1）系动词（look,feel,smell,taste,keep,remain等）没有被动态和进行时态这鱼味道好。这条围巾摸上去很软。Thefishtastesgo...
