定语从句专项教师用复合句中，修饰某一名词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代名词称为先行句。定语从句常由关系词来引导，关系次分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词和关系副词不但在句中引导定语从句，而且在定语从句中担任成分。理清两种关系词：一.关系代词I.关系代词及其用法（1）who指人，常在句中作主语。例如：Themanisapoliceman.Heisshakinghandswithmyfather.Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherispoliceman.（2）whom也指人，在从句中作宾语，常常可以省略。例如：TheprofessorhasgonetoShanghai.Youwishtoseehim.Theprofessor（whom）youwishtoseehasgonetoShanghai.（3）whose通常即指人也指物，在从句总常常作定语即whose+n.=n.+ofwhich/whom例1.Iliveinaroom.Itswindowsfacethesouth.Iliveinaroomwhosewindowsfacethesouth=例2.Thisisthewomanscientist.Hernameisknownalloverthecountry.ThisisthewomanscientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountryThattree,whosebranchesarearealmostbare,isveryold.（4）which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略例1.Chinaisacountry.Ithasalonghistory..Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.（5）that既可以指人，又可以指物，，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语里可以省略例1：Thewomanusedtolivenextdoor.Shespiketomeintheshop例2.TherearesomeinterestingTVplays.I’dliketoseethem注意：such......as......如此。。。以至于例如：Wehaveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.我们从未听过他讲那样的故事。As引导定语从句，做tell的宾语Thesame......as/that......与。。。一样的例如：Sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore.(as强调事物的相似性)她穿着跟她妹妹穿的一样的裙子SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.(that指同一事物)她穿着她在玛丽的婚礼上传的那条连衣裙。II.关系副词1、关系副词及其用法（1）when表示时间，其先行词往往表示时间的名词（time,day,hour,year等）。例如：Fromthetimewhenhewaslittle,hehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhewhenhegrewup.但如果表示时间的名词作动词的宾语时，这时定语从句that╱which/×用引导e.g.l.I’llneverforgetthedayswhich╱that/×Ispentwithmygrandmainthecountry.(2)表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（place,room,house,street,area等）。例如:ThisisthehousewhereIusedtoliveayearago.但如果表示地点的名词作动词的宾语时，这时定语从句用引导that/which/×Thisisthehousethat/which/×wesawatthefootofthehill.（3）表示原因，常用先行词thereason后面。例如：Idon’tknowthereasonwhyshelooksunhappytoday.但如果作先行词thereason动词的宾语时，这时定语从句用引导that/which/×Thisisthereasonwhich/that/×heexplainedtousjustnow.Thereasonwhich/thatshegivesfornotcomingtothejpartyisthathermotherwon’tlether.Isthatthereasonwhyyouareinfavouroftheproposal?GivemeonegoodreasonwhyIshouldhelpyou.III、“介词”+which╱whom1）介词的确定方法①根据先行词来确定介词。ThereasonforwhichIcamehereisthatIwanttogetyourhelp.Yesterdaywehadameetingatwhichwediscussedmanyproblems.Thisisthetrainbywhichwetravelledyesterday.Thefreezingpointisthetemperatureatwhichwaterchangesintoice.②根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。Thedog,ofwhichsheusedtobeafraidisherfavoriteanimalnow.Thisisthemanfromwhomwemustlearn.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsofwhichyouarenotsure.③根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。Water,withoutwhichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.Thisisthemap,withoutwhichwecouldn’tarrivedhereontime.2）介词的位置(1)介词一般放在关系代词which或whom之前，但也可放在原来的位置上。如：ThisisthemanformwhomIlearnedthenews.=Thisistheman（that╱whom）Ilearnedthemewsform.从上句我们可以看出，引导词如果不是跟在介词后做宾语，不仅可以用that和whom，而且还可省略。但要注意：介词和...
