此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。TED英语演讲稿：我们为什么快乐？Whenyouhave21minutestospeak,twomillionyearsseemslikeareallylongtime.Butevolutionarily,twomillionyearsisnothing.Andyetintwomillionyearsthehumanbrainhasnearlytripledinmass,goingfromtheone-and-a-quarterpoundbrainofourancestorhere,Habilis,tothealmostthree-poundmeatloafthateverybodyherehasbetweentheirears.Whatisitaboutabigbrainthatnaturewassoeagerforeveryoneofustohaveone?Well,itturnsoutwhenbrainstripleinsize,theydon'tjustgetthreetimesbigger;theygainnewstructures.Andoneofthemainreasonsourbraingotsobigisbecauseitgotanewpart,calledthe"frontallobe."Andparticularly,apartcalledthe"pre-frontalcortex."Nowwhatdoesapre-frontalcortexdoforyouthatshouldjustifytheentirearchitecturaloverhaulofthehumanskullintheblinkofevolutionarytime?Well,itturnsoutthepre-frontalcortexdoeslotsofthings,butoneofthemostimportantthingsitdoesisitisanexperiencesimulator.Flightpilotspracticeinflightsimulatorssothattheydon'tmakerealmistakesinplanes.Humanbeingshavethismarvelousadaptationthattheycanactuallyhaveexperiencesintheirheadsbeforetheytrythemoutinreallife.Thisisatrickthatnoneofourancestorscoulddo,andthatnootheranimalcandoquitelikewecan.It'samarvelousadaptation.It'suptherewithopposablethumbsandstandinguprightandlanguageasoneofthethingsthatgotourspeciesoutofthetreesandintotheshoppingmall.Now--(Laughter)--allofyouhavedonethis.Imean,youknow,此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。BenandJerry'sdoesn'thaveliver-and-onionicecream,andit'snotbecausetheywhippedsomeup,trieditandwent,"Yuck."It'sbecause,withoutleavingyourarmchair,youcansimulatethatflavorandsay"yuck"beforeyoumakeit.Let'sseehowyourexperiencesimulatorsareworking.Let'sjustrunaquickdiagnosticbeforeIproceedwiththerestofthetalk.Here'stwodifferentfuturesthatIinviteyoutocontemplate,andyoucantrytosimulatethemandtellmewhichoneyouthinkyoumightprefer.Oneofthemiswinningthelottery.Thisisabout314milliondollars.Andtheotherisbecomingparaplegic.So,justgiveitamomentofthought.Youprobablydon'tfeellikeyouneedamomentofthought.Interestingly,therearedataonthesetwogroupsofpeople,dataonhowhappytheyare.Andthisisexactlywhatyouexpected,isn'tit?Butthesearen'tthedata.Imadetheseup!Thesearethedata.Youfailedthepopquiz,andyou'rehardlyfiveminutesintothelecture.Becausethefactisthatayearafterlosingtheuseoftheirlegs,andayearafterwinningthelotto,lotterywinnersandparaplegicsareequallyhappywiththeirlives.Now,don'tfeeltoobadaboutfailingthefirstpopquiz,becauseeverybodyfailsallofthepopquizzesallofthetime.Theresearchthatmylaboratoryhasbeendoing,thateconomistsandpsychologistsaroundthecountryhavebeendoing,haverevealedsomethingreallyquitestartlingtous,somethingwecallthe"impactbias,"whichisthetendencyforthesimulatortoworkbadly.Forthesimulatortomakeyoubelievethatdifferentoutcomesaremoredifferentthaninfacttheyreallyare.Fromfieldstudiestolaboratorystudies,weseethatwinningor此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。losinganelection,gainingorlosingaromanticpartner,gettingornotgettingapromotion,passingornotpassingacollegetest,onandon,havefarlessimpact,lessintensityandmuchlessdurationthanpeopleexpectthemtohave.Infact,arecentstudy--thisalmostfloorsme--arecent...
