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1．qualityn.(1)[U，C]质量；品质①Theseareleathergoodsofhighquality.②Hehasmanygoodqualities,buthisbestqualityishiskindness.(2)[C，U]性质；特征；特质；特色②Onequalityofthisplasticisthatitisalmostunbreakable.归纳拓展ofgood/highquality质量好的ofquality优质的，素质好的inquality在质量上2．activeadj.积极的；活跃的②Shetakesanactivepartinschoollife.归纳拓展(1)beactivein在……方面积极/活跃takeanactivepartin...积极参加……(2)activityn．活动activelyadv.积极地3．meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的①Shehasalwaysbeenmeanwithmoney.她在花钱方面非常吝啬。归纳拓展(1)bemeanwith...在某方面吝啬bemeantosb.对某人刻薄(2)meanv．意味着；打算meantodo打算做……；有意做……meandoing意味着……(3)meansn．方法；途径①I'msorryIhurtyou.Ididn'tmeanto.②—Thatwouldmeanwastingalotoftime.4．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的①Shewasawarmhearted,generousoldlady.②Itwasgenerousofhimtooffertopayforus.③Sheisalwaysgeneroustothekids.归纳拓展Itwas/isgenerousofsb.todo某人做……是大方的begenerousto对……大方begenerouswith在某方面大方5．devotevt.(与to连用)献身；专心于①Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.②Afterhegraduated,hecontinuedtodevotehimselftotheresearch.③Herson,whomsheissodevotedto,wentabroadlastyear.归纳拓展(1)devote(2)devotedadj.忠实的，深爱的bedevotedto深爱，致力于6．foundvt.建立；建设Thecastleisfoundedonsolidrock.①7．hopefuladj.怀有希望的；有希望的Ifeelhopefulofsuccess.②归纳拓展hopefullyadv.有希望地Hopefully,I'llbeabletostayathomeforthreeweeksthistime.8．vote(1)vt.&vi.投票；选举Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.(2)n.投票；选票；表决Thevotesarestillbeingcounting.归纳拓展votefor/against投票赞成/反对voteon投票表决votetodo表决做某事①Ifwecannotagree,let'svoteonit.②Doyouvotefororagainsther?9．attack(1)vt.进攻；攻击；抨击；(疾病等的)侵害②Themanattackedhimwithaknife.(2)n.袭击，攻击；(疾病等)侵害Onceagainwecameunderattackfromtheenemies.归纳拓展be/comeunderattack遭到攻击aheartattack心脏病makeanattackon/upon/against进攻；攻击；抨击underattack受到攻击/袭击10．equaladj.平等的；相等的①Itwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.②I'msureTomisquiteequaltothetask.③HispaintingsarewithoutequalintheWesternworld.归纳拓展(1)beequaltosth.in...与某物在……方面相等beequaltosth./doingsth.胜任某事/做某事(2)equaln．平等的人withoutequal无敌；首屈一指的(3)equallyadv.相等地；同样的equalityn．相等；平等11．willingadj.乐意的；自愿的①Eliaswaswillingtoblowupgovernmentbuildings.归纳拓展bewillingtodosth.乐意做某事beunwillingtodosth.不愿意做某事12．outofwork失业②Hehasbeenoutofworkforayear.归纳拓展“out＋of＋n.”的短语：outofbreath上气不接下气outofdate过时的outoforder次序颠倒；出故障outofcontrol失控outofdanger脱离危险14．blowup充气；爆炸①Heisblowinguptheballoonforhisdaughter.②Thesoldiersblewupthebridge.③IwassurprisedatthewayheblewupatHardy.15．introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的困境中归纳拓展getintotrouble(使……)陷入困境havetrouble(in)doingsth./withsth.做某事有困难takethetroubletodosth.不辞劳苦做某事maketrouble制造麻烦askfortrouble自找麻烦16．turnto求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向①WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?②Theirtalkturnedtothechangethathadtakenplaceinthecity.③Pleaseturntothepoliceforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.归纳拓展turnaround/round转身turndown关小；拒绝turnin上交；上缴turnoff关掉turnup出现，露面；调大turnout证明是；结果是turnover翻转devote(vt.)献身；专心于__________(adj.)忠实的；深爱→__________(n.)忠实；献身15．peaceful(adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的→__________(n.)和平16．guidance(n.)指导；领导→__________(vt.)引导17．hopeful(adj.)怀有希望的；有希望的→__________(adj.)绝望的18．equal(adj.)相等的；平等的→__________(adv.)平等地；相等地→equality(n.)平等；相等1．__________vt.教育；训练→__________adj.受过教育的；有教养的→__________n.教育；培养→__________n.教育家2．__________vi.请求；乞求→__________n.乞丐3．__________n.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动→__________adj.可怕的；4．__________n.残忍；残酷→__________adj.残忍的；残酷的