被动语态（IntroducionofPassiveVoice）一、主动语态与被动语态的概念：英语动词的语态有两种：⑴主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者⑵被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者(常常没在有必要指出动作的执行者情况下使用)例：TheyspeakEnglish.（主动语态）主谓宾Englishisspokenbythem.（被动语态）主谓介词短语注：★及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。例：⑴Welistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.主谓宾→Theteacherislistenedtobyuscarefullyinclass.主谓介词短语⑵Ｗelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyus.二、被动语态的结构与用法：1.结构：be+done(过去分词)被动语态中的be为助动词，无意义。be可能是am,is,are也可能是was,were或原形be。注：★被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be后面的过去分词不变。2.用法：例：①Ｈistoryismadebythepeople.(一般现在时)②ＴhecarsweremadeinTianjingin1995.(一般过去时)③Thetreewillbecutdownnextyear.(一般将来时)④Ｔheroommustbekeptclean.（含有情态动词的被动语态）⑤Thedoorisbeingopened.（现在进行时）⑥Thefilmhasbeenseenbyme.（现在完成时）有些措词故意避免用主语，或用“有人”、“大家”之类，经常用it作形式主语构成被动语态结构。如：Itissaidthatanothersteelplantwillbesetupinthiscity.特别记住下列句型：Itishopedthat…希望……Itisknownthat…据说……Itiswellknownthat…众所周知……Itisbelievedthat…有人相信……三、没有被动语态的动词：1.没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost,fit,have,suit,writewell(好写),sellwell（好卖）等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen=takeplace,breakout(爆发)，breakdown(坏了)等不及物动词或短语以及诸如resultfrom(缘于)，belongto,等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态２不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:appear,die,disappear,end(vi.结束),fail,last（持续）,lie,remain,sit,spread（传播）,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,...1语法专练一、把下列主动语态改为被动语态:1.WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass._______________________________________________________________________________.2.Theywillshowanewfilmnextweek._______________________________________________________________________________.3.Whendidtheybuildthehouse?_______________________________________________________________________________.4.Isawtheboyentertheroom._______________________________________________________________________________.5.Willtheyshowanewfilmnextweek?_______________________________________________________________________________.6.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmate._______________________________________________________________________________.7.Youmustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed._______________________________________________________________________________.8.Whoisrepairingthebike?_______________________________________________________________________________.9.Thestudentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart._______________________________________________________________________________.二、选择填空:1.Thereadingroom________yesterdayafternoon.A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleaningD.wascleaned2.Theworkersweremade________tenhoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked3.Food________inacoolplaceinsummer.A.mustkeepB.mustn’tkeepC.mustbekeptD.mustn’tbekept4.Hisfather________toworkinHongKong3yearsago.A.sentB.wassentC.hassentD.hasbeensent5.Thepen________well.A.writesB.iswrittenC.waswrittenD.writing6.Greatchanges________inthetownsince1988.A.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplaceC.hastakenplaceD.hasbeentakenplace7.Ourcompositionsmust________nextMonday.2A.behandinB.behandedinC.handedinD.behandingin8.T...
