专题复习---定语从句VIP免费

专题复习---------定语从句定语从句考点1.关系代词that–which;whose;which–as的用法比较；2.关系代词和关系副词的用法比较；3.介词加关系代词引导的定语从句；4.定语从句与并列句的区别。定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1)Doyouknowthemanwho/thatisstandingoverthere?2)Thegirlthat/who/whomweweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，例1)中的man就是先行词。1)Doyouknowthemanwho/thatisstandingoverthere?2)Thegirlthat/who/whomweweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。分为关系代词关系副词1.引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。关系词的3个作用：关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句中间起联系的作用，同时作定语从句的一个成分。关系词关系副词关系代词that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,where,why引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词分析关系词在定语从句中的作用1)Doyouknowthemanwho/thatisstandingoverthere?2)Thegirl(that/who/whom)weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepen(that/which)Ilostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.指人作主语注意谓语动词指人作宾语可省略指物作宾语可省略指时间作状语指地点作状语6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelate?7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.指原因作状语指人作定语指物作主语注意谓语动词主语宾语定语that/whothat/who(m)whosethat/which关系代词的用法小结whose指人的关系代词指物的关系代词可省略主语宾语定语that/which可省略主谓一致主谓一致关系副词的用法小结whenwherewhy表示地点，在从句中作地点状语表示原因，在从句中作原因状语表示时间，在从句中作时间状语介词加关系代词引导定语从句的用法关系代词which和whom除了在定语从句中作及物动词的宾语外，还可以作介词的宾语。在作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在整个定语从句的前面（此时关系代词不能省略),为了使关系代词紧跟先行词也可以把介词放在相关动词的后面，这种从句叫做带介词的定语从句。如:1)ThatistheroominwhichIlive.(or:Thatistheroomwhich/thatIlivein.)2)Imetthemantowhomyoutalkedyesterday.(or:Imetthemanwhom/that/whoyoutalkedtoyesterday.)注意：当先行词是表示地点或时间的名词时，关系词的选用要根据其在从句中的作用而决定，如果关系词在从句中作状语，则需选用关系副词；如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语，则应选用关系代词。如：1)Thisistheschoolthat/whichIvisitedlastyear.宾语2)Wedidn’tacceptthereasonthat/whichhegave.宾语3)Ishallneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespentinthecountryside.宾语4)Hetoldmethedatethat/whichwasthemostimportanttohiminhislife.主语注1：当介词放在相关动词后面时，which可用that来替换；whom可用that或who来替换。此时关系代词可以省略。如：1)Thatistheroom(that)Ilivein.2)Imettheman(that)youtalkedtoyesterday.注2：如果关系代词作含有介词的动词短语的宾语，此时动词短语不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。如：Wrong:ThisisthepenforwhichIamlooking.Right:ThisisthepenwhichIamlookingfor.注3：当先行词是way（方式、方法）时，根据英语的习惯常用that来代替inwhich来引导定语从句，而且也常常省略；另外当先行词是time（次，其前面用序数词修饰）时，根据英语的习惯常用that来代替forwhich来引导定语从句。如：1)Theway(that)wediditwasverysimple.2)Thisisthefirsttime(that)weshallseeanEnglishfilm.关系代词指物时，多数情况下既可以用that又可以用which。如：1)Thisisthebookthat(which)Iboughtyesterday.2)Don’treadinlightthat(whi...