ThePassiveVoiceThePassiveVoice（一）（一）英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。语态概述2.TheymaketrainsinZhuzhou.主动语态e.g.1.Thefarmersgrowcottoneveryyear.主动语态Cottonisgrownbythefarmerseveryyear.被动语态TrainsaremadeinZhuzhou.被动语态主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：主动语态:主语＋谓语＋宾语被动语态:例：Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.（主动）[注意]①把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。如上例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也要用一般现在时。②如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词by的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语we改为us。主语＋＋by+宾语be+过去分词Ourclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday（被动）了解被动语态被动语态构成：be+P.P.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。归纳总结方法把主动语态改为被动语态可按“、、”来进行。即：①变－－－把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。②套－－－根据原句的时态套用相应时态。③注意－－注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。例：①ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishbymanypeople.②Hewashedhisshoesyesterday.Hisshoesbyhimyesterday.isspokenwerewashed一变二套三注意1.HeteachesEnglishinourschool.Englishistaughtinourschoolbyhim.语态转换一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+p.p.•TheyplayfootballonSundays.•Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.•PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSundays.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyears.Manytreeswereplantedbyuslastyear.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+P.P.•Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.•Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.•Theyplantedmanytreesmanyyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Manytreeswereplantedbythemmanyyearsago.3.Weshouldplantmanymoretrees.Manymoretreesshouldbeplantedbyus.含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+P.P.1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Youmustturnoffthelights.3.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.4.ShewillteachClass6.Class6willbetaughtbyher.将来时的被动语态：Will/shall/begoingto+be+PP现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+being+pp5.SheisteachingClass6.Class6isbeingtaughtbyher.6.ManystudentswerereadingEnglishbooksat7:00yeaterdaymorning.Englishbookswerebeingreadbymanystudentsat7:00yesterdaymorning.过去进行时的被动语:was/were+being+P.P.7.Manycountrieshavesentupsatellitesintospace.Satelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.现在完成时的被动语:have/has+been+P.P.8.WehadlearndaboutonethousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.Aboutonethousandwordshadbeenlearndbyusbytheendoflastterm.过去完成时的被动语:had+been+P.P.Iwasgivenabookbyher.Abookwasgiventomebyher.9.Shegavemeabook.如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell…）10.Hemademedothework.Iwasmadetodotheworkbyhim.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。（feel,listento,hear,lethave,make,lookat,see,watch…)11.Theytakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabyistakengoodcareofbythem.注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。2)一般过去时：was/were+P.P3)情态动词+be+P.P4)一般将来时：will/shall+be+p.p5)现在进行时态：am/is/are+being+P.P6)过去进行时态：was/were+being+p.p形式1）一般现在时：am/is/are+P.P7)现在完成时：have/has+been+P.P8...
