ByJuliaManychildrenlikemovies.bedroom/clean/LiTaoThebedroomiscleanedbyLiTaoeveryday.alonelytreeWhy?Moreandmoretreesarecutbypeople.adangerousfishWhy?Theriverispollutedbysomefactories.英语动词有两种语态：学科网zxxk主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语主动语态被动语态Theycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天他们打扫了教室。Theclassroomwascleanedbythemyesterday.昨天教室被他们打扫了。((一一))被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法::当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，谓语的形式是时，谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。。当句子的主语是动作的当句子的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动。被动语态由助动词语态由助动词bebe++过去分词构过去分词构成，成，时态时态通过通过bebe表现出来。表现出来。((一一))被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法::当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，谓语的形式是时，谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。。当句子的主语是动作的当句子的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动。被动语态由助动词语态由助动词bebe++过去分词构过去分词构成，成，时态时态通过通过bebe表现出来。表现出来。be+PPbe+PP(二)被动语态的基本结构:有各种时态的变化1.被动语态中三个重要的构成学科网zxxk时态构成一般现在时eg.一般过去时eg.含情态动词eg.am/is/are＋donewas/were＋donecan/must/should/may＋be＋done[1].NowEnglish____bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am/is/are+PP一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am/is/are+PP[2].Thelostboy____atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was/were+PP一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was/were+PP[3].Flowers____everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+PP含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+PP1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarewaswerebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone(二)动词过去分词的变化:主变被步骤:1.找宾语:即动作的承受者(改为主语)Hewashedhiscaryesterday.Hiscar3.判断新主语的单复数:确定be动词的单复数.be4.判断动词的时态:即be动词的时态.2.修改谓语的语态:即be+原V.过去分词washed5.修改原句的主语:即by+主语(变宾格).(bythem)yesterday.iswaswas1.Tombrokethewindow.Thewindow2.Shebrokethewindows.Thewindows3.Hecleanstheclassroomeveryday.TheclassroomwasbrokenbyTom.werebrokenbyher.iscleanedbyhimbe动词的单复数变化:everyday.1.Amycantakegoodcareofthecat．ThecatcanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.2.They2.Theyshouldsingshouldsingsomebeautifulsongs.somebeautifulsongs.SomebeautifulsongsSomebeautifulsongsbythem.bythem.shouldbesungshouldbesung被动语态的特殊情况:1.在主动语态中,make,let,hear,see,watch,notice等词,其后跟省略to的动词不定式(动词原形),在变为被动语态时,必须还原动词不定式符号to.如:1)Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom.Hewasheardtosingthissongintheroom.2)Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork14hoursaday.3)Iseehimwalktoschool.Heisseentowalktoschool.1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.1).Weshouldfinishedourhomework.3).Thegirlwaterstheflowersonweekends.1.讲主动语态变成被动语态。1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.1.Fillintheblank:
