GrammarGrammar直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语DirectandIndirectSpeechDirectandIndirectSpeech•(1)Johnsaid：“Ilikereadingnovels.”•(2)Johnsaidthathelikedreadingnovels.•直接引语:•间接引语:直接引述别人的话.用自己的话转述别人的话.它构成宾语从句.Grammar:DirectandIndirectSpeech(1)1.转述他人的陈述→陈述句→SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.1)Hesaid,“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”→HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.2)Heasked,“Areyouateacher?”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasateacher.3)Shesaid,“Whatareyoudoing?”2.转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句3.转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化•Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”•HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.•Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.陈述句陈述句用连词用连词thatthat引导，引导，thatthat在口语中常省略。主句的谓语在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的动词可直接用引语中的said,said,也可用也可用toldtold来代替来代替,,注意，注意，可以说可以说saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.thatsaidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，，不可直接说不可直接说toldthattoldthat陈述句解题步骤:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.Sarahsaidtoherfriendsthat(Idon’tlikecomputers.)didn’tsheSarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.一般疑问句•Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”•Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.•Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren'tyou?”•HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.•间接引语用连词间接引语用连词whetherwhether或或ifif引导，原主引导，原主句中谓语动词句中谓语动词saidsaid要改为要改为asked(me/him/usasked(me/him/us等等))，语序是陈述句的语序，语序是陈述句的语序一般疑问句解题步骤:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.(itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.)askediswasTheyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.特殊疑问句•Hesaidtome“，What'syourname?”•Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.•Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”•Heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.•原来的原来的疑问词疑问词作为间接引语的作为间接引语的连词连词，主，主句的谓语动词用句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)ask(sb.)来表达，语来表达，语序改为陈述句语序序改为陈述句语序3.特殊疑问句解题步骤：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheat(youharvestthewheat.)heheharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.选择疑问句•Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”•HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.•用用whether…or…whether…or…表达，而不用表达，而不用if…or…if…or…，，也不用也不用either…or…either…or…4.祈使句变间接引语，一改二变三加四去。一改：said(to)改为asked或told二变：saidto的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语三加：即在动词原形前加to，使成为动词不定式四去：去掉please“Don’ttalkinclass,”theteachersaidtous.祈使句解题步骤:TheteachersaidtousDon’tnottotalkinclasssaidtotoldTheteachertoldusnottotalkinclass.•例：Hesaidtoher:"Don'ttakethebookaway,please"•Heaskedhernottotakethebookaway.•Hesaidtome:“Pleasedoitagain.”•Hetold/askedmetodoitagain.•Theteachersaid:“Don’ttalkinclass,Tom.”•Theteachertold/askedTomnottotalkinclass.在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1.注意时态的变化2.注意人称变化7.注意语序的变化3.注意指示代词的变化4.注意时间的变化5.注意地点的变化6.注意个别趋向动词的变化...
