罗斯福全名：富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福(FranklinD.Roosevelt)(1882—1945)18岁时考入哈佛大学，攻读政治，历史和新闻专业，又在哥伦比亚大学攻读法律。后来从政，先后任过纽约州参议员和州长。中年时，他因患脊髓灰质炎(Poliomyelitis、Polio)，双腿瘫痪，只能以轮椅代步。他任美国总统期间，实行新政，维护了美国资本主义制度，领导美国参加世界人民反法西斯战争，并取得胜利。PresidentHoover,MrChiefJustice,myfriends:thisisadayofnationalconsecration.AndIamcertainthatonthisdaymyfellowAmericansexpectthatonmyinductionintothepresidency,Iwilladdressthemwithacandourandadecisionwhichthepresentsituationofourpeopleimpels.Thisispre-eminentlythetimetospeakthetruth,thewholetruth,franklyandboldly.Norneedweshrinkfromhonestlyfacingconditionsinourcountrytoday.Thisgreatnationwillendure,asithasendured,willreviveandwillprosper.So,firstofall,letmeassertmyfirmbeliefthattheonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself-nameless,unreasoning,unjustifiedterrorwhichparalysesneededeffortstoconvertretreatintoadvance.Ineverydarkhourofournationallife,aleadershipoffranknessandofvigourhasmetwiththatunderstandingandsupportofthepeoplethemselveswhichisessentialtovictory.AndIamconvincedthatyouwillagaingivethatsupporttoleadershipinthesecriticaldays.Insuchaspiritonmypartandonyourswefaceourcommondifficulties.Theyconcern,thankGod,onlymaterialthings.Valueshaveshrunktofantasticlevels:taxeshaverisen;ourabilitytopayhasfallen;governmentofallkindsisfacedbyseriouscurtailmentofincome;themeansofexchangearefrozeninthecurrentsoftrade;thewitheredleavesofindustrialenterpriselieoneveryside;farmersfindnomarketsfortheirproduce;andthesavingsofmanyyearsinthousandsoffamiliesaregone.Moreimportant,ahostofunemployedcitizensfacethegrimproblemofexistence,andanequallygreatnumbertoilwithlittlereturn.Onlyafoolishoptimistcandenythedarkrealitiesofthemoment.Andyetourdistresscomesfromnofailureofsubstance.Wearestrickenbynoplagueoflocusts.Comparedwiththeperilswhichourforefathersconquered,becausetheybelievedandwerenotafraid,wehavestillmuchtobethankfulfor.Naturestilloffersherbountyandhumaneffortshavemultipliedit.Plentyisatourdoorstep,butageneroususeofitlanguishesintheverysightofthesupply.Primarily,thisisbecausetherulersoftheexchangeofmankind'sgoodshavefailed,throughtheirownstubbornnessandtheirownincompetence,haveadmittedtheirfailure,andhaveabdicated.Practicesoftheunscrupulousmoneychangersstandindictedinthecourtofpublicopinion,rejectedbytheheartsandmindsofmen.True,theyhavetried.Buttheireffortshavebeencastinthepatternofanoutworntradition.Facedbyfailureofcredit,theyhaveproposedonlythelendingofmoremoney.Strippedofthelureofprofitbywhichtoinduceourpeopletofollowtheirfalseleadership,theyhaveresortedtoexhortations,pleadingtearfullyforrestoredconfidence.Theyonlyknowtherulesofagenerationofself-seekers.Theyhavenovision,andwhenthereisnovisionthepeopleperish.Yes,themoneychangershavefledfromtheirhighseatsinthetempleofourcivilisation.Wemaynowrestorethattempletotheancienttruths.Themeasureofthatrestorationliesintheextenttowhichweapplysocialvaluesmorenoblethanmeremonetaryprofit.Happinessliesnotinthemerepossessionofmoney;itliesinthejoyofachievement,inthethrillofcreativeeffort.Thejoy,themoralstimulationofworknolongermustbeforgotteninthemadchaseofevanescentprofits.Thesedarkdays,myfriends,willbeworthalltheycostusiftheyteachusthatourtruedestinyisnottobeministereduntobuttoministertoourselves,toourfellowmen.R...
