自考外刊经贸知识选读串讲VIP专享VIP免费

1自考外刊经贸知识选读串讲第一章一、术语制成品manufacturedgoods资本货物capitalgoods国际收支balanceofpayments经常项目currentaccount有形贸易项目visibletradeaccount无形贸易项目invisibletradeaccount贸易顺差tradesurplus贸易逆差tradedeficit易货贸易barter补偿贸易compensationtrade反向贸易counter-trade组装生产assemblymanufacturing工商统一税industrialandcommercialconsolidatedtax合资企业jointventure延期付款deferredpayment买方信贷buyercredit卖方信贷suppliercredit软贷款(低息贷款)softloan最惠国待遇MFNtreatment(MostFavorednationtreatment)永久性正常贸易关系PNTR(PermanentNormalTradingRelations)国民收入NI(NationalIncome)国民生产总值GNP(GrossNationalProduct)国内生产总值GDP(GrossDomesticProduct)国际复兴和开发银行IBRD(InternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment)国际开发协会IDA(InternationalDevelopmentAssociation)国际金融公司IFC(InternationalFinanceComporation)经济合作和发展组织OECD(OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment)国际清算银行BIS(BankforInternationalSettlement)欧洲经济共同体EEC(EuropeanEconomicCommunity)欧洲联盟EU(EuropeanUnion)外商直接投资FDI(ForeignDirectInvestment)二、词语释义：substantially：dramatically，significantly，considerablysubsequently：afterwardsexacerbate：deteriorate，worsen；aggravate；makeworsewithdraw：cancellationtheme：principleinreturnfor：inexchangefor2disrupt：interruptdestined：designedpronounced：markedinthewakeof：following；afterwithundue：toomuch；unbearablereverse：changetotheoppositebuoyant：briskoutcome：resultboost：stimulate；promote；developrecover：reboundfacilitate：makeeasyrun-down：reductionmountexhibitions：holdexhibitionsinsofaras：totheextentbottlenecks：obstacles三、句子翻译1.Duringthe1950sChinaexportedagriculturalproductstotheUSSRandEastEuropeancountriesinreturnformanufacturedgoodsandthecapitalequipmentrequiredforthecountry‘sindustrializationprogrammewhichplacedemphasisonthedevelopmentofheavyindustry.20世纪50年代，中国向前苏联和东欧各国出口农产品以换取制成品和国家的工业化计划所要求的资本设备，而国家的工业化计划则强调重工业的发展。2.ThegrowthofforeigntradewasdistruptedagainduringtheCulturalRevolutionwhenagriculturalandindustrialproductionfellsharplyandtransportationconstraintsbecamemoreserious.在文化大革命期间，外贸的增长又一次被打断了。当时农业和工业生产急剧下降，运输管制变的更严重。33.ExportsgrewmuchfasterthanimportsduringthisperiodnotonlybecauseofthestrongemphasisplacedonexportingbyChina‘seconomicplanners，butalsobecauseanumberofindustrialprojectswerepostponedin1979.OfficialrecognitionthatforeigntechnologycouldplayamajorroleinmodernizingtheChineseeconomyhascausedimportstorisebymorethan50percentin1978，placingunduestrainonthenationaleconomy.在这个时期，出口增长要快于进口增长不仅是由于中国经济计划者着重强调出口，也是因为大多工业项目在1979年被推迟了。官方承认外国技术能够在中国经济的现代化化中起重大作用，这导致了1978年中国的进口增加了50%以上，从而给国民经济带来了重压。4.Chineseofficialstresstheimportanceofintroducingadvancedtechnologytodomesticindustry，buttheneedisfortechnologyofvaryingdegreesofsophistication，notnecessarilyforadvancedtechnologyasthattermisunderstoodintheWest.中国官员强调为国内工业引进先进技术的重要性，但是需要的是各种程度不同的精尖技术，而不是像西方国家理解的先进技术。5.Therearenoofficialstatisticscoveringtheinvisibleaccountofthebalanceofpayments，butthesizeofthevisibletradesurplusduring1981-1983andapronounce...