复习十一句子种类和成分(P94–P102)句子的种类:(P95)一、陈述句(P95,考点1)句子按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和倒装句五种。1.肯定句IlikeEnglish.HelikesChinese.Iamshort.Heistall.Theyaretall,too.2.否定句借助否定词not,no,never,noone,nobody,none等,以及半否定词hardly,few,little等构成否定句。Youmustgohome.Icanstayhere.Wecan’tleavewithoutwater.注意:I’mtoohungry.Icanhardlywalk.(1)肯定句变为否定句时,and要改为or。Shelikesapplesandpears.Shedoesn’tlikeapplesorpears.Noteverythinghesaidisright.(部分否定)(2)含有all,both,each,every等的肯定句加not变否定句后,表示部分否定;若表示全部否定则用none,neither,noone,nobody等。Noneofuslikes/likehim.(全部否定)(3)含有already,too的肯定句变为否定句时,already,too要分别变为yet,either。Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.Shelikesoranges,too.Shedoesn’tlikeoranges,either.1.一般疑问句(P95-P96)二、疑问句(P95-P96,考点2)Areyouastudent?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.MustIgohome?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.Dosehelikeeggs?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.2.特殊疑问句(P96)用疑问词提问的句子,不用yes或no回答,而是根据具体情况进行回答。Whatdoyoudo?I’mastudent.Whosebookisthis?It’smysister’s.3.选择疑问句(P96)提出两种或两种以上情况,要求对方选择一种情况回答。不能用yes或no作答,要选择其中之一作答。(1)一般疑问句+被选择部分+or+另一被选择部分?DoyoulikeChineseormath?IlikeChinese.Isheateacherorastudent?Astudent.(2)特殊疑问句,被选择部分+or+另一被选择部分?Whoistaller,theboyorthegirl?Theboy.4.反意疑问句(P96-P97,考点3)陈述句,+简略问句?(1)肯定,+否定?Youareright,aren’tyou?Hedoesn’tlikeit,doeshe?简略问句部分的主语与陈述部分的主语保持一致,且只能用相应的人称代词(therebe句型除外)。简略问句的谓语动词也要与陈述句的谓语动词保持一致;如果是否定,一定要用缩写。(2)否定,+肯定?Thereissomewaterintheglass,isn’tthere?注意:(P96-P97,考点3)1.前面用I’m…,后面用aren’tI;I’mtall,aren’tI?2.前面有little,few,no,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等表示否定意义的词时,后面要用肯定形式;Shehaslittlemoney,doesshe?3.前面的主语是nothing,something,anything时,后面的主语用代词it;前面的主语是everyone,noone,someone,everybody,nobody,anybody时,后面的主语常用they,有时也用he;Everythingisready,isn’tit?Everyoneishere,aren’tthey?4.前面的主语是this或that时,后面的主语用it;前面的主语是these或those时,后面的主语用they;Thisisabook,isn’tit?Thosearen’tpens,arethey?※5.在宾语从句中,后面一般根据主句的主语来变化,但当主句的主语是I(we)(don’t/didn’t)think(believe,suppose…)时,后面就根据从句的主语来变化,HesaysthatIdidit,doesn’the?Ithinkheiswrong,isn’the?Idon’tbelieveit’strue,isit?6.前面的情态动词must表示猜测,“一定是,必定”时,后面根据must后的动词来变化,不能用mustn’t;当must表示“一定要,必须”时,后面要用needn’t;当前面是mustn’t(不准)时,后面用must。Hemustbeadoctor,isn’the?(表猜测,一定是)Youmustdoit,needn’tyou?(必须)Wemustn’tplaywithfire,mustwe?(不准)7.祈使句的反意疑问句Let’s…,shallwe?前面是肯定的,后面用willyou或won’tyou;前面是否定的,后面用willyou;三、祈使句(P98,考点4)Nophotos!Listentomecarefully.Pleasebecareful.肯定式的:以动词原形开头Comein,please.否定式的:1.Don’t+动词原形.Don’tbelazy.2.Never+动词原形.Nevergiveup.3.No+名词/动名词Nosmoking!Pleasebequiet,willyou/won’tyou?Don’ttalk,willyou?Let’sstudyhard,shallwe?8.感叹句的反意疑问句一律用否定形式;9.对反意疑问句作答时,需要根据实际作答,实际是肯定的,用“Yes,+肯定结...