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英语基础语法英语基础语法英语基础语法英语基础语法第一讲英语的特点及基本结构第一讲英语的特点及基本结构MynameisLiMing.ButmyfriendsallcallmeDaMing.IamafreshmaninDalianNationalitiesUniversity.MymajorisComputerScience./MeasurementandcontrolTechnology/FinancialManagement/BiologicalEngineering.Istudyveryhard.IgetupatsixandreadEnglishaloudeveryday.Idosobecausemyfriendsgivemesomeadvice.Theytoldmethatreadingisthebestwaytolearnalanguage.ThoughsometimesEnglishmademefrustrated,Igraduallyfinditinterestingandrewarding.NowIenjoylearningEnglishverymuch.IbelieveIcanlearnEnglishwell.英语的基本单位WordsPhrasesSubclausesSentencesEnglishmakesb.frustrated/lookatThoughEnglishsometimesmademefrustrated,ThoughEnglishsometimesmademefrustrated,Igraduallyfinditinterestingandrewarding.十大词类•名词，girl,measurement,woman…•代词，I,him,his,mine,that…•动词，beat,is,can,do,will,call…•形容词，beautiful,difficult…•副词，very,hard,carefully….•限定词（冠词），a,an,the…•连词，and,but,because…•数词，one,first….•介词，on,in,from,of….•感叹词Wow,oh…句子•简单句Englishsometimesmademefrustrated•并列句Theteachercameintotheclassroomandsaidhellotothestudents.•主从复合句ThoughEnglishsometimesmademefrustrated,Igraduallyfinditinterestingandrewarding.简单句基本句型(1)•MynameisLiMing.•MymajorisComputerScience.•IamafreshmaninDalianNationalitiesUniversity.•Itlooksbeautiful.主语+（系）动词+表语简单句基本句型(2)•Igetupatsixeveryday.•Istudyveryhard.•Idosobecause….主语+动词More：Icanswim.I’lltry.简单句基本句型(3)•IreadEnglishaloud.•IenjoylearningEnglish.•Wearestudyingsentencepatternsnow.•Isawhimyesterday.主语+动词+宾语简单句基本句型(4)•Myfriendsgivemesomeadvice.•Myfriendsgivesomeadvicetome.•Hehandedmealetter.•Hehandedalettertome•Shesangusasong•Shesangasongforus.主语+动词+宾语+宾语简单句基本句型(5)•Igrauallyfinditinterestingandrewarding.•MyfriendscallmeDaMing.主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语More:Hefoundhisnewjobboring.Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.IsawherchattingwithNancy.Conclusion•句子的基本组成成分有：主语，谓语，宾语，定语，补语，表语，同位语，其中主语和谓语部分是必不可少的。•简单句的基本句型有五种，主要取决于动词。Exercise•我累了。•I’mtired.•我在大学里很高兴。•I’mhappyincollege.•我会梦想成真的。•Mydreamswillcometrue.•太阳正在升起。•Thesunisrising.你睡的好吗？Didyousleepwell?汽车坏了。Thecarbrokedown.我认识这些人。Iknowthesepeople.我无法用英语表达自己的意思。Ican’texpressmyselfinEnglish.•她为我们做了顿饭。•Shecookedamealforus.•我看到她正和南希聊天。•IsawherchattingwithNancy.•我问了他们的名字。扩句练习Heisrunning.Thenoisemadehimangry.Myfatherboughtmeapresent.Hekeepshiseyesclosed.Youwilltellmeastory.Wekeeptheroomclean.动词类别特点意义举例实义动词vt.vi.及物动词单宾语及物动词须跟一个宾语一起才能表达完整的意思Theteacherlikesus.句型3双宾语及物动词须跟两个宾语一起才能表达完整的意思Hegivemesomeadvice.句型4复杂宾语及物动词须跟一个宾语和补语一起才能表达完整的意思Ifindthecourseinteresting.句型5不及物动词不能直接接宾语能独立作谓语Shealwayscomeslate.句型2系动词link-v跟表语不能独立做谓语，跟表语构成完整意思Iamastudent.句型1助动词aux.v.跟动词原形或分词（无词汇意义）不能独立做谓语，跟实义动词一起构成谓语，表示疑问，否定及各种时态Hedoesn’tspeakChinese.IamwatchingTV.情态动词mod.v跟动词原形（有自己的词汇意思）不能独立做谓语。表示说话人语气、情态，无人称和数的变化Wecandoitbyourselves...