1专题12定语从句——精讲深剖1.(2019·江苏卷·单项填空)Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为anage(一个时代),且先行词在从句中做时间状语,所以关系词用when。故选C。2.(2019·天津卷·单项填空)11.Theirchildisatthestage__________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意:他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences是一个定语从句,先行词是thestage,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故选B。3.(2019·新课标I卷·短文改错)OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.【答案】OneafternoonwherewhenIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.【解析】考查定语从句。先行词oneafternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。4.(2019·新课标II卷·语法填空)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,______sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.【答案】where【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词为thepetshop,在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语,故用which。真题速递25.(2019·新课标III卷·语法填空)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters______hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意:它们被他们的主人训练地很好,它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters(主人),且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。6.(2019·新课标III卷·短文改错)Inthecafe,customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem.【答案】Inthecafe,customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentiscreatedforthem.【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment在从句中做主语,指物,关系代词用that/which。故把what改为that/which。7.(2019·浙江卷·语法填空)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth______givesofflightinthedark.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句,先行词是cloth,指物,从句中缺少主语,因此,可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。8.(2019·北京卷·语法填空)Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan___8___theygo.【答案】where【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里(哪所大学)更重要。这里表达去哪所大学,表示地点,作状语。故用where。9.(2019·北京卷·语法填空)Thestudentsbenefitingmostfromcollegearethose______aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意:从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.是定语从句,修饰先行词those,空格处在句中作主语,代指人,故填who或that。10.(2018·北京)Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.3A.whichB.whoC.asD.that【答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:她和家人骑自行车去上班,这有助于她们保持健康。“____helpsthemkeepfit”是非限制性定语从句,该从句修饰整个主句,引导词在从句中做主语,故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。点睛:非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分,也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致,即:第一、找准先行词;第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。11.(2018·天津)Kate,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.A.whomB.thatC.whoseD.her【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意:凯特已经...