1专题06词性转换(构词法)——精讲深剖单句语法填空/单句改错1.(2019全国I卷)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa_____(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.【答案】belief【解析】考查词性转化。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处为名词形式,故填belief2.(2019全国II卷)Wearesoproudofher.It's(wonder).”【答案】wonderful【解析】考查词性转化。根据句子结构可知,在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语,需要把名词wonder转化为形容词wonderful。故填wonderful。3.(2019全国III卷)Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.【答案】competition【解析】考查词性转化。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式towatch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。4.(2019浙江卷)Schooluniformsare(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.【答案】traditional【解析】考查词性转化。句意:穿校服在英国是一个传统,但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词,其后常用形容词作表语,tradition是名词,“传统”的意思,因此,用其形容词形式。故填traditional。5.(2018全国I卷)Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto1(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit'salways2(energy).【答案】第一空strengthen;第二空energetic真题速递2【解析】考查词性转化。第一空,分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式作目的状语,故本空应填动词strengthen,意为“增强,加强”。第二空,and连接两个并列分句,两个分句都表示跑步的特征,and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词,故此处应用形容词energetic作表语,意为“需要能量的,剧烈的”。6.(2018全国II卷)Thisswitchhasdecreased(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.【答案】pollution【解析】考查词性转化。pollution考查名词。此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。7(2018全国II卷)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal(globe)fertilizerconsumption.【答案】global【解析】考查词性转化。global考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式global作定语。8.(2019浙江卷)Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.【答案】affordable【解析】考查词性转化。affordable考查形容词。根据语境可知,一周在外就餐一到两次可能是可以负担得起的,故填形容词affordable。9.(2019浙江卷)Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein(weigh)problems.【答案】affordable【解析】考查词性转化。weight考查名词。根据语境可知,此处表示“体重问题”,故空处需要填名词weight。10.(2017全国I卷)However,be(care)nottogotoextremes.【答案】careful【解析】考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。be之后接形容词作表语,care的形容词形式是careful。[知识链接]常见的以-ful结尾的形容词:awful糟糕的,极坏的beautiful美丽的wonderful美妙的,精彩的helpful有帮助的useful有用的meaningful有意义的thankful感谢的grateful感激的3careful仔细的colorful五彩缤纷的regretful遗憾的hopeful有希望的11.(2017全国II卷)Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe(introduce)ofelectricpoweredenginesandlifts.【答案】introduction【解析】考查词性转换之动词变为名词。空格前是the,其后接名词。introduce的名词形式是introduction。[知识链接]名词后缀ion:graduation毕业discussion讨论translation翻译correction改正connection连接separation分离expression表达association联系exhibition展览election选举possession占有completion完成decision决定permiss...