应用心理学专业 大学生归因方式和社会适应性的相关研究VIP免费

大学生归因方式和社会适应性的相关研究摘要目的：探讨大学生归因方式与社会适应性之间的关系。方法：采用多维多向归因量表以及大学生适应性量表对300名大学生进行问卷调查，收回有效问卷235份。结果：（1）大学生归因方式在性别上存在显著的差异，男生比女生更倾向于归因于内。其能力、背景、运气三个维度在年级上存在显著差异，表现为在能力归因上大四学生得分显著高于大一大二学生。在背景归因中，大四学生得分显著高于其它三个年级。在运气归因中，大四学生得分显著高于大一大二学生。（2）大学生社会适应性在生源地上存在显著的差异，来自城镇大学生的社会适应性得分显著高于来自农村的大学生。其学习适应、职业选择适应、生活自理适应性三个维度存在显著的年级差异，具体表现为在学习适应性方面，大二学生显著高于大一学生。职业选择适应性方面大二学生显著高于大一学生。生活自理适应性方面大四、大二学生显著高于大一学生。（3）大学生归因方式与社会适应性存在显著的负相关,其中能力、背景、运气归因的得分与社会适应性呈显著负相关。【关键词】大学生；归因方式；社会适应性ResearchontherelationshipbetweenattributionalstyleandsocialadaptabilityofCollegeStudentsAbstractObjective:ToexploretherelationshipbetweenCollegeStudents'attributionalstyleandsocialadaptability.Methods:usingthemulti-dimensionalmultiAttributionScaleandCollegeStudentAdaptabilityScalequestionnairesurveyof300collegestudents,235validquestionnaires.Results:(1)theattributionalstyleofcollegestudentshassignificantdifferenceingender,boysaremorelikelytobeattributedtointernalthangirls.Thethreedimensionsofbackground,ability,luckhassignificantdifferenceingrade,Inattributionability,seniorstudentsscoressignificantlyhigherthanfreshmanandsophomorestudents.Inthebackgroundofattribution,seniorscoredsignificantlyhigherthantheotherthreegrades.Inluckattribution,seniorstudentsscoressignificantlyhigherthanfreshmanandsophomorestudents.(2)Thesocialadaptabilityofcollegestudentshavesignificantdifferencesinstudents,urbanstudentsscoredsignificantlyhigherthanruralstudentsinsocialadaptation.Learningadaptation,thechoiceofoccupationadaptation,self-careadaptabilityinthreedimensionsarehavesignificantdifferencesbetweenthegrade,thespecificperformanceinlearningadaptability,sophomoreissignificantlyhigherthanfreshman.Intermsofoccupationchoiceadaptability,sophomoreissignificantlyhigherthanthefreshman.Intermsofself-careadaptability,seniorandsophomorestudentsweresignificantlyhigherthanfreshman.(3)Thereisanegativelyrelatedcorrelationbetweencollegestudents'attributionstyleandsocialadaptability,amongthem,thescoresofability,backgroundandluckattributionwerenegativelycorrelatedwithsocialadaptability.[Keywords]:collegestudents,attributionstyle,socialadaptability目录1引言..............................................................11.1研究背景...................................................11.2概念界定...................................................11.2.1归因方式.............................................11.2.2社会适应性...........................................21.3研究的现状.................................................21.3.1归因方式的研究现状...................................21.3.2社会适应性的研究现状.................................31.3.3归因方式与社会适应性的研究现状.......................32研究方法..........................................................42.1被试.......................................................42.2测验工具...................................................42.2.1多维多向归因量表............