虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood(I)GRAMMER语法Subjunctivemood一、语气的分类英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。陈述语气Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气Let’sgo.Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.关于陈述语气Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow?Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.关于陈述语气2关于祈使语气1关于祈使语气2关于祈使语气3关于祈使语气4虚拟语气IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.(TheSubjunctiveMood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一中假设,愿望,怀疑或推测.虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于名词性从句等.名从：Ourteachersuggestedthatwe(should)gotothelibrarythisafternoon.虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。一.ifSentenceStructurep86‘if’虚拟条件句的结构a.表示与现在事实相反的假设b.表示与过去事实相反的假设c.表示与将来事实相反的假设1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(或were)”,而主句中的谓语动词“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。虚拟语气IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.IfIhadalotofmoneyIwouldbuyavilla.IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.Ifitwerefinenow,Iwouldgoshopping.a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.c.Ifthepoliceman________(benot)inthatroom,it________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI____(be)inyourposition,I_________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werenotcouldbewerewouldask2.与过去的事实相反从句的谓语用had＋过去分词,构成IfI(we,you,he,they)＋had＋过去分词的形式；主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/mighthave＋动词过去分词。Ifhe__________（drive)morecarefully,he_________________(have)thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehadIfI________(learn)howtoswim,I__________________(be)trappedinthisislandlastyear.hadlearntwouldnothavebeena.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.c.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegone3.与将来事实相反从句的谓语用IfI(we,you,he,they)＋动词过去式或weretodo或shoulddo形式,主句谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might＋动词原形。Ifhegotupearly,他就会按时了。hewouldbeontime.假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.假如他看见我,就会认识我。Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.a.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbeshouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksc.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,here________(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbe主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,themallwouldnotbeonfirenow.条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来V+ed(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)总结：虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法二、虚拟语气特殊句型:1...
