Direct&IndirectSpeechDirectSpeech:Sbsays,“…….”“……..”,sayssbtosb.间接引语，即转述别人的话。把直接引语变间接引语应注意的几个变化:语序的变化(假设主句均为过去时,以引语的不同句式来改变):陈述句:sbsaidto/toldsb(that)….一般疑问句:sbaskedsb/wonderedwhether/if+陈述语序特殊疑问句:sbaskedwh-+陈述语序祈使句:sbaskedsbtodo(根据说话人语气可把asked变为told/ordered/warn/beg)陈述句:sbsaidto/toldsb(that)….•Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch”.→•Hesaid(that)helikeditverymuch.•“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed,”myteachersaidtome.→•Mymothertoldme(that)afriendinneedisafriendindeed.引语为一般疑问句:sbaskedsb/wonderedwhether/if+陈述语序“Willyoucometotheparty?”MaryaskedYangMei.→MaryaskedYangMeiif/whetherhewouldcometotheparty.Sheasked,“AreyoufondofEnglish?”→Sheaskedif/whetherIwasfondofEnglish引语为特殊疑问句:sbaskedsbwh-+陈述语序“WhatcanIdoforyou？”sheaskedmeHeaskedmewhathecoulddoforme.“Whoisgoingtostudyabroadnextyear?”MaryaskedYangMei.→MaryaskedYangMeiwhowasgoingtostudyabroadthenextyear.引语为祈使句:sbaskedsbtodo(根据说话人语气可把ask变为tell/order/warn/beg)•“Makesurethedoorisshut,”shesaidtoherlittleson.→•Shetoldherlittlesontomakesurethedoorwasshut.•“Don’tsmokeintheroom,”hesaidtome.→•Hetoldmenottosmokeintheroom.人称的变化一主二宾三不变即当引语的人称为第一人称的时候,就把他变为主句主语的人称;当引语的人称为第二人称的时候,就把他变为主句宾语的人称;当引语的人称为第三人称的时候不改变.Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”→Hesaidhelikeditverymuch.Hesaidtome,“IbrokeyourCDplayer.”→HetoldmehehadbrokenmyCDplayer.时态的变化:当主句的谓语动词为过去时是才变，否则不变。一般现在时→一般过去时（do/does→did;am/is/are→was/were）Hesaid,“I‘mafraidIcan’tfinishthework.”→Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn’tfinishthework.现在进行时→过去进行时:Hesaid,“I’musingtheknife.”→Hesaidhewasusingtheknife.时态的变化:当主句的谓语动词为过去时是才变，否则不变。现在完成时→过去完成时Shesaid,“I’venotheardfromhimsinceMay.”→ShesaidshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.一般过去时→过去完成时:Shesaid,“Icametohelpyou.”→Shesaidthatshehadcometohelpme.过去完成时不变Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomework.”Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomework时态的变化:当主句的谓语动词为过去时是才变，否则不变。一般将来时→过去将来时Shesaid,“I’lldoitafterclass.”→Shesaidshewoulddoitafterclass.Shesaid,“I’mgoingtogohikingtomorrow.”→Shesaidthatshewasgoingtogohikingthenextday.注意注意::直接引语如果是客观真理直接引语如果是客观真理,,变为间接隐语的时候时态不改变为间接隐语的时候时态不改变变;;主句的谓语动词实现在世的主句的谓语动词实现在世的时候也不变时候也不变..““AfriendinneedAfriendinneedisisafafriendindeed,”riendindeed,”myteachemyteachersaidtomersaidtome..→→MymothertoldMymothertoldme(thatme(that))afriendinneedafriendinneedisisaafriendindeed.friendindeed.时间状语的变化now→then:Hesaid,“it’snineo’clocknow.”→Hesaidthatitwasnineo’clockthen.today→thatday:Hesaid,“Ihaven’tseenhertoday.”→Hesaidthathehadn’tseenherthatday.yesterday→thedaybeforeShesaid,“Iwentthereyesterday,”→Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.tomorrow→thenextday:Shesaid,“I’llgotheretomorrow.”→Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethenextday.其他的变化This→that:Shesaid,“I’llfinishitthismorning.”→Shesaidthatshewouldfinishitthatmorning.these→those:Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.ago→before:Hesaid,“Sheleft30minutesago.”→Hesaidthatshehadleft30minutesbefore.here→there:Hesaid,“Mysisterwashereoneweekago.”→Hesaidthathissisterhadbeenthereoneweekbefore.Come→go:Shesaid,“I’llcomeherethisevening.”→Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening.
